Herbivory Increases Fruit Set in Silene latifolia: A Consequence of Induced Pollinator-Attracting Floral Volatiles?

Cozzolino, Salvatore; Fineschi, Silvia; Litto, Maria; Scopece, Giovanni; Trunschke, Judith; Schiestl, Florian P.

doi:10.1007/s10886-015-0597-3

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Still, some flower traits seem to be more plastic than others and may contribute more to pollinator attraction, more so when the trait provides information on floral rewards. Especially floral volatiles seem to undergo profound changes in response to herbivory (Cozzolino et al, 2015;Kessler & Halitschke, 2009;Lucas-Barbosa et al, 2016;Pareja et al, 2012;Schiestl et al, 2014) and may explain changes in pollinator behaviour well (Kessler & Halitschke, 2009;Schiestl et al, 2014), although it is often unclear which individual compounds are used by pollinators (but see Knauer & Schiestl, 2015). Other flower traits like colour and morphology also change in response to herbivory and are important for pollinator attraction (Campbell, Bischoff, Lord, & Robertson, 2010;Hempel de Ibarra, Langridge, & Vorobyev, 2015;Strauss, Conner, & Rush, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flower traits are highly plastic and change readily in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory (Lucas-Barbosa, van Loon, & Dicke, 2011;Strauss, 1997). Changes in response to herbivory include most flower traits involved in pollinator attraction (Bruinsma et al, 2014;Cozzolino et al, 2015;Hoffmeister et al, 2016;Lucas-Barbosa et al, 2016). Herbivore-induced changes in floral traits may vary considerably depending on herbivore species (Pareja et al, 2012;Rusman et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Floral plasticity: Herbivore‐species‐specific‐induced changes in flower traits with contrasting effects on pollinator visitation

Rusman

Poelman

Nowrin

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

112

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Plant phenotypic plasticity in response to antagonists can affect other community members such as mutualists, conferring potential ecological costs associated with inducible plant defence. For flowering plants, induction of defences to deal with herbivores can lead to disruption of plant–pollinator interactions. Current knowledge on the full extent of herbivore‐induced changes in flower traits is limited, and we know little about specificity of induction of flower traits and specificity of effect on flower visitors. We exposed flowering Brassica nigra plants to six insect herbivore species and recorded changes in flower traits (flower abundance, morphology, colour, volatile emission, nectar quantity, and pollen quantity and size) and the behaviour of two pollinating insects. Our results show that herbivory can affect multiple flower traits and pollinator behaviour. Most plastic floral traits were flower morphology, colour, the composition of the volatile blend, and nectar production. Herbivore‐induced changes in flower traits resulted in positive, negative, or neutral effects on pollinator behaviour. Effects on flower traits and pollinator behaviour were herbivore species‐specific. Flowers show extensive plasticity in response to antagonist herbivores, with contrasting effects on mutualist pollinators. Antagonists can potentially act as agents of selection on flower traits and plant reproduction via plant‐mediated interactions with mutualists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral plasticity: Herbivore‐species‐specific‐induced changes in flower traits with contrasting effects on pollinator visitation

Rusman

Poelman

Nowrin

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

112

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“…In Silene (Caryophyllaceae), volatiles released following herbivore attack to leaves increase fruit set via increased pollinator attraction (Cozzolino et al. ).…”

Section: Hypothesis 1: Prezygotic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, an evolutionary shift in leaf volatiles could potentially have a direct effect on which pollinator species visit a flower. In Silene (Caryophyllaceae), volatiles released following herbivore attack to leaves increase fruit set via increased pollinator attraction (Cozzolino et al 2015).…”

Section: Pathway 1: Coupled Herbivore Defense and Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ode to Ehrlich and Raven or how herbivorous insects might drive plant speciation

Marquis

Salazar

Baer

et al. 2016

Ecology

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Fifty years ago, Ehrlich and Raven proposed that insect herbivores have driven much of plant speciation, particularly at tropical latitudes. There have been no explicit tests of their hypotheses. Indeed there were no proposed mechanisms either at the time or since by which herbivores might generate new plant species. Here we outline two main classes of mechanisms, prezygotic and postzygotic, with a number of scenarios in each by which herbivore-driven changes in host plant secondary chemistry might lead to new plant lineage production. The former apply mainly to a sympatric model of speciation while the latter apply to a parapatric or allopatric model. Our review suggests that the steps of each mechanism are known to occur individually in many different systems, but no scenario has been thoroughly investigated in any one system. Nevertheless, studies of Dalechampia and its herbivores and pollinators, and patterns of defense tradeoffs in trees on different soil types in the Peruvian Amazon provide evidence consistent with the original hypotheses of Ehrlich and Raven. For herbivores to drive sympatric speciation, our findings suggest that interactions with both their herbivores and their pollinators should be considered. In contrast, herbivores may drive speciation allopatrically without any influence by pollinators. Finally, there is evidence that these mechanisms are more likely to occur at low latitudes and thus more likely to produce new species in the tropics. The mechanisms we outline provide a predictive framework for further study of the general role that herbivores play in diversification of their host plants.

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“…However, whereas herbivory reduces male reproductive success, female reproductive success was not affected by herbivory. In a recent study, Cozzolino et al (2015) showed that Spodoptera-infested S. latifolia female plants had increased fruit production, likely mediated by increased production of pollinator-attracting floral scent compounds. This supports the idea that, in contrast to male plants, the reproductive effort is not yet maximised in female plants (Lloyd, 1980) and can be enhanced upon herbivore attack.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory affects male and female reproductive success differently in dioecious Silene latifolia

Litto

Scopece

Fineschi

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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In dioecious plants, reproductive efforts of male and female plants can be differentially affected by herbivory due to sex-specific allocation and re-modulation of resources. Here, we investigate the effects of foliar herbivory by the polyphagous species Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on male and female reproductive traits of Silene latifolia (Poir.) (Caryophyllaceae). We set up experimental populations of male and female control and Spodoptera-infested plants and estimated flower morphology and phenology, and plant reproductive success. Herbivory did not affect floral traits involved in visual signalling to pollinators (flower size). Female reproductive success did not differ between Spodoptera-infested and control plants in terms of seed set and seed germination. On the other hand, Spodoptera-infested male plants produced fewer flowers than male control plants and maintained fewer flowers during flowering peaks. By experimental reduction in male flower number, we showed that male flower number is directly correlated with male reproductive success (pollen export to female flowers). This strongly suggests that male reproductive success is reduced after herbivory, whereas female reproductive success remains unaffected. The fact that females are more tolerant against herbivory is in accordance with sexual selection theory, which predicts that females, in contrast to males, are not selected for maximum investment in reproductive traits such as floral signalling, and should thus be more flexible in the allocation of resources.

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Herbivory Increases Fruit Set in Silene latifolia: A Consequence of Induced Pollinator-Attracting Floral Volatiles?

Cited by 39 publications

References 39 publications

Floral plasticity: Herbivore‐species‐specific‐induced changes in flower traits with contrasting effects on pollinator visitation

Floral plasticity: Herbivore‐species‐specific‐induced changes in flower traits with contrasting effects on pollinator visitation

Ode to Ehrlich and Raven or how herbivorous insects might drive plant speciation

Herbivory affects male and female reproductive success differently in dioecious Silene latifolia

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