Is ego depletion associated with increased distractibility? Results from a basketball free throw task

Englert, Chris; Bertrams, Alex; Furley, Philip; Oudejans, Raôul R. D.

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.12.001

Cited by 57 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There is evidence (Walsh, Kuhn, Brass, Wenke, & Haggard, 2010) showing that volitional self-regulation of an otherwise wanted act is associated with increased brain activity. This supports other evidence stating that an active state of mind for self-regulation (will power) actually may lead to ego depletion (Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2012) , i.e., increasing the possibility of doing an unwanted behavior such as alcohol use (Christiansen, Cole, & Field, 2012) which might be accompanies with increases in one's distractibility for unwanted stimuli (Englert, Bertrams, Furley, & Oudejans , 2015)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Efficacy of the attention control training program on reducing attentional bias in obese and overweight dieters

2017

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Evidence indicates that attentional bias and dieter's eating styles (i.e., external, emotional, restraint) play important roles in the success or failure of dieters. First, we studied food-related attentional bias (FAB; based on interference scores on a modified Stroop test), eating styles (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire), and increases in body mass index (BMI) in overweight or obese dieters (n = 34) and nondieters (n = 35). Compared with nondieters, dieters showed higher FAB, which was positively associated with BMI. In addition, the majority of overweight and obese participants had higher scores on emotional and restrained eating styles. Second, we investigated the effect of a Food Attention Control Training Program (Food-ACTP) on reducing FAB and dieting success. Dieters (n = 49) were divided into three groups: intervention (training), no-intervention (control), and sham-intervention, all of whom were measured at pretest, posttest, and follow up. Only the intervention group showed reductions in their FAB, diet failure rate, and BMI at follow up. For the intervention group, there was a significant interaction between changes in FAB and eating styles in predicting decreases in BMI. Overall, this work shows that attentional bias plays an important role in eating behavior, and dieters can benefit from practicing with Food-ACTP as a complimentary intervention. The exact mechanism through which Food-ACTP improves dieting success awaits further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Efficacy of the attention control training program on reducing attentional bias in obese and overweight dieters

2017

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“…Furthermore, 41 studies were identified that met the majority of the review criteria but failed to report or provide the descriptive statistics necessary for the computation of an effect size and inclusion in a random-effects meta-analysis. After examining the nature of the interventions included within the studies, one study [53] was excluded because the ego depletion intervention delivered was designed to negatively impact performance and was therefore considered clinically heterogeneous.…”

Section: Search Results and Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Psychological and Psychosocial Interventions on Sport Performance: A Meta-Analysis

2016

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“…In perceptual-motor tasks, self-control strength may be beneficial in preventing performance 98 impairments caused by stress, anxiety, and potentially distracting stimuli such as ruminative thoughts or 99 crowd noise (Englert, Bertrams, Furley, & Oudejans, 2015;Wilson et al, 2009). Under stressful 100 conditions, athletes may worry about their performance, which takes up cognitive resources and may lead 101 to choking (Oudejans et al, 2011).…”

Section: Does a Brief Mindfulness Intervention Counteract The Detrimementioning

confidence: 99%

Does a brief mindfulness intervention counteract the detrimental effects of ego depletion in basketball free throw under pressure?

Shaabani¹,

Naderi²,

Borella³

et al. 2020

Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

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3Research has shown that a brief mindfulness intervention may counteract the depleting effects of 4 an emotion suppression task upon a subsequent psychological task that requires self-control. However, 5 the effects of a brief mindfulness intervention on perceptual-motor tasks particularly in stressful 6 situations have not yet been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a brief 7 mindfulness intervention can counteract the detrimental effects of ego-depletion in basketball free throw 8 performance under pressure. Seventy-two basketball players (mean age = 28.6 ± 4.0 yrs) were randomly 9 assigned to one of the following 4 groups: depletion/mindfulness, no depletion/mindfulness, depletion/no 10 mindfulness and control (no depletion/no mindfulness). The mindfulness intervention consisted of a 15-11 min breathe and body mindfulness audio exercise, while the control condition (no mindfulness) listened 12 to an audio book. A modified Stroop color-word task was used to manipulate self-control and induce 13 ego depletion. Participants performed 30 free throws before and after the experimental manipulations. 14 Results showed that basketball players' free throw performance decreased after ego-depletion, but when 15 ego-depletion was followed by the mindfulness intervention, free throw performance was maintained at a 16 level similar to the control group. Our results indicate that a brief mindfulness intervention mitigates the 17 effects of ego depletion in a basketball free-throw task. 18 ). This model has received 43 considerable empirical support in a sport context. For example, it has been shown that a non-sports 44 related primary task that requires cognitive effort, in particular attentional control (e.g., Stroop color 45 word test), leads to self-control failures in a secondary physical task with decreases in repeated maximum 46 4 Bray, 2013). Additionally, in a narrative review, Pageaux and Lepers (2018) confirmed the existence of 50 decrements in sport-related motor tasks after self-control depletion or mental fatigue. Other theoretical 51 models challenge the notion of limited self-control strength, and highlight the importance of identifying 52 other mechanisms through which the actual processes of ego depletion impair performance. For example, 53 according to motivational and attentional shifts theory, exerting self-control in a first task reduces success 54 at self-control at a second task due to shifts in motivation and attention (Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2016). 55However, in a recent empirical study, Baumeister and Vohs (2018) argued that these alternative 56 explanations of ego depletion suggested by other theoretical models, are aligned with the strength model 57 of self-control. Regarding motivational and attentional shifts theory, Baumeister and Vohs (2018) 58 suggested that limited resource theory works better if it is assumed that performance changes caused by 59 ego depletion could be either a direct effect of low energy or an indirect effect mediated by motivational 60 and atte...

show abstract

Is ego depletion associated with increased distractibility? Results from a basketball free throw task

Cited by 57 publications

References 31 publications

Efficacy of the attention control training program on reducing attentional bias in obese and overweight dieters

Efficacy of the attention control training program on reducing attentional bias in obese and overweight dieters

Effects of Psychological and Psychosocial Interventions on Sport Performance: A Meta-Analysis

Does a brief mindfulness intervention counteract the detrimental effects of ego depletion in basketball free throw under pressure?

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