Is downer cow syndrome related to chronic botulism?

Rulff, R; Schrödl, Wieland; Basiouni, Shereen; Neuhaus, Jürgen; Krüger, Monika

doi:10.1515/pjvs-2015-0098

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Rullf ve ark. [36] 52 yatalak inek üzerinde yaptıkları çalışmada, yatalak ineklerde C. botulinum A, B, E, C ve D toksinleri antikor seviyelerini anlamlı derecede yüksek tespit ederek Botilusmus'un yatalak sendromunda predispoze bir faktör olabileceğini belirtmişlerdir.…”

Section: Eti̇yoloji̇ Ve Patogenezunclassified

A Current Overview of Downer Cow Syndrome

Kaman

Kirbaş

2020

Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi

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Yatalak inek sendromu (YİS) sistemik hastalık bulgusu göstermeksizin hipokalsemi tedavisine rağmen 24 saatten uzun süre sternal pozisyonda yatmaya devam eden inekleri tanımlamada kullanılan bir terimdir. Çok sayıda nedeni ve bunlara göre yönetimi bulunan kompleks bir durumdur. Hipokalsemi, hipomagnezemi ve hipokalemi gibi metabolik bozukluklar veya travmaya bağlı uzun süreli yatalaklıkta sekunder olarak gelişen arka bacak kaslarının iskemik nekrozisi ve sinirlerin hasarı ile ilişkilidir. Yatalak inekler genellikle uyanıktırlar ve başka bir bozukluktan etkilenmezlerse ruminasyona devam ederler. Şiddetli şekilde uyarılsalar bile ayağa kalkma çabaları isteksizdir. İnekler yanları üzerine uzanmış ve ayaklarını uzatmış halde bulunabilirler veya göğüsleri üzerinde yatarak bacaklarını karın altına bükerek ya da gergin şekilde uzanarak yatabilirler. Yatan ineklerde kalsiyum düzeyi normal iken fosfor ve potasyum düzeylerinde azalma tespit edilebilir. Aspartat aminotransferaz ve kreatin fosfokinaz aktivitelerinde artış, proteinüri, myoglobinüri ve ketonüri görülür. Tedavide nonsteroid anti-inflamatuvar ilaçlar kullanılabilir. Basınca bağlı bozukluklardan kaçınmak için yataklıkların değiştirilmesi ve ineklerin sık sık çevrilmesi sağlanmalıdır.

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Section: Eti̇yoloji̇ Ve Patogenezunclassified

A Current Overview of Downer Cow Syndrome

Kaman

Kirbaş

2020

Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi

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“…However, downer cows are a clinical manifestation of a complex, multifactorial syndrome, the determinants of which are likely to differ between systems, seasons, countries, and farms. Researchers on downer cows in Greece and Germany have found an increased association with botulism or fatty liver (Kalaitzakis et al 2010;Rulff et al 2015), which demonstrates the range of the possible aetiologies involved in this condition. Given this, the performance of any prognostic test is likely to be specific to the system where the data were collected, because prognosis is determined by the unobserved relationship between a measured factor and a measured outcome that is dependent on the unmeasured particularities of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downer cows: a reanalysis of an old data set

Lawrence

Clark²,

et al. 2023

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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Aims: To compare the performance of two predictive models for the survival of downer cows. Methods: The first model had been developed in 1987 using a dataset containing missing values, while the second, new model was developed on the same dataset but using modern data imputation and analytical methods. Missing data were imputed using multiple imputation by chained equations and a logistic regression model fitted to the imputed data, with survival or not as the outcome variable. The predictive ability of the model built on the imputed data was contrasted with the original prognostic model by testing them both on a second smaller but complete data set, collected contemporaneously with the development of the original model but from a different region of New Zealand. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and cut point for the two models were calculated. Results: The original 1987 model had a slightly higher accuracy than that of the new one with a sensitivity of 0.85 (95% CI = 0.72-0.94) and a specificity of 0.82 (95% CI = 0.7-0.91), using a cut point for the probability of survival = 0.313. Conclusions: The original prognostic formula published by Clark et al. in 1987 performed as well as a modern model built on an imputed data set. Clinical relevance: The use of a prognostic test based on the Clark model should remain an important part of the clinical examination of downer cows by New Zealand veterinarians.

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“…The DC occurred for several reasons as follows (1) the metabolic disorder caused by minerals; (2) paralysis by nerve and muscle damage after calving; (3) nervous and musculoskeletal problems; or (4) systemic disease caused by the toxic material, metabolic disorder, or neurological and alimentary conditions [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition, DC can be caused as a clinical sign of infection with encephalitis, meningitis, or meningoencephalitis by Haemophilus and Listeria genera; and botulism caused by Clostridium genus [ 2 , 3 ]. However, in some cases of DC, the etiology remains unknown, evading identification in autopsy, clinical, or pathological investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Profiles of Brain in Downer Cattle with Unknown Etiology

et al. 2022

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Downer cow can be caused by muscular paralysis, neurological damage, metabolic disorder, and/or the complication of microbial infection. However, downer cow with unknown etiology is issued because of the non-detection of its bacterial etiological agent. In this study, differences in the bacterial community in brain tissues between downer cattle with unknown etiology and healthy slaughtered cattle are investigated. Bacterial diversity and representative genera between downer and normal cattle were significantly different (p < 0.05). There are significant differences in representative genera of downer and normal cattle, especially the significance, fold change, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve score (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the prediction of functional genes in brain microbiota between the downer and normal cattle revealed differences in the cluster of orthologous gene categories, such as lipid transport and metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and signal transduction (p < 0.05). This study revealed a significant difference in microbiota between the downer and normal cattle. Thus, we demonstrate that representative genera from downer cattle through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and microbiota analysis have the potential as candidates for bacterial etiological agents for downer cow.

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Is downer cow syndrome related to chronic botulism?

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

A Current Overview of Downer Cow Syndrome

A Current Overview of Downer Cow Syndrome

Downer cows: a reanalysis of an old data set

Bacterial Profiles of Brain in Downer Cattle with Unknown Etiology

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