Iron and ferritin have been used in human medicine for years to reveal the presence of inflammation. However, studies evaluating these parameters, especially in respiratory system diseases, are quite rare in veterinary medicine. We aimed to test the usability of serum Fe and Fe-related parameters [total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) and transferrin saturation (TS) levels] as inflammatory and diagnostic biomarkers in calves with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). To mark inflammation, some selected acute-phase proteins including serum ferritin and transferrin levels were measured because of their close relationship with iron metabolism. The material of this study consisted of 15 calves, aged 1-3 months with BRDC (Group I) and 10 healthy calves aged 1-3 months (Group II) based on the presence of respiratory clinical findings. Serum Fe, TIBC and TS levels were low and ferritin levels were high in Group I (P ≤ 0.001). The BRDC group was separated into two subgroups based on PCR results, namely Virus+ (n=9) and Virus- (n=6). The calves in the Virus+ group had significantly lower levels of Fe (P=0.001) and significantly higher values of ferritin (P=0.002), compared to the healthy group. On the basis of inter-group comparison and ROC analysis, we concluded that Fe (primarily), ferritin, TIBC and TS levels can be used as inflammatory biomarkers and possible diagnostic markers in the BRDC as useful, practical, inexpensive substitutes. As a suggestion, these parameters which are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, can be used as potential prognostic biomarkers in studies involving treatment.
Yatalak inek sendromu (YİS) sistemik hastalık bulgusu göstermeksizin hipokalsemi tedavisine rağmen 24 saatten uzun süre sternal pozisyonda yatmaya devam eden inekleri tanımlamada kullanılan bir terimdir. Çok sayıda nedeni ve bunlara göre yönetimi bulunan kompleks bir durumdur. Hipokalsemi, hipomagnezemi ve hipokalemi gibi metabolik bozukluklar veya travmaya bağlı uzun süreli yatalaklıkta sekunder olarak gelişen arka bacak kaslarının iskemik nekrozisi ve sinirlerin hasarı ile ilişkilidir. Yatalak inekler genellikle uyanıktırlar ve başka bir bozukluktan etkilenmezlerse ruminasyona devam ederler. Şiddetli şekilde uyarılsalar bile ayağa kalkma çabaları isteksizdir. İnekler yanları üzerine uzanmış ve ayaklarını uzatmış halde bulunabilirler veya göğüsleri üzerinde yatarak bacaklarını karın altına bükerek ya da gergin şekilde uzanarak yatabilirler. Yatan ineklerde kalsiyum düzeyi normal iken fosfor ve potasyum düzeylerinde azalma tespit edilebilir. Aspartat aminotransferaz ve kreatin fosfokinaz aktivitelerinde artış, proteinüri, myoglobinüri ve ketonüri görülür. Tedavide nonsteroid anti-inflamatuvar ilaçlar kullanılabilir. Basınca bağlı bozukluklardan kaçınmak için yataklıkların değiştirilmesi ve ineklerin sık sık çevrilmesi sağlanmalıdır.
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