Is Discordance in Bone Measurements Affected by Body Composition or Anthropometry? A Comparative Study Between Peripheral and Central Devices

Saarelainen, J.; Rikkonen, Toni; Honkanen, Risto; Kröger, Heikki; Tuppurainen, Marjo; Niskanen, Leo; Jurvelin, Jukka S.

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2007.03.003

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The original reference population for Lunar equipment was measured in Finland's four cities (Helsinki, Kuopio, Oulu, Heinola), while OSTPRE represents a wide area with a relatively rural economy. Other known factors are relatively high BMI [39,40], frequent use of HRT (45 %), and dietary calcium (784 mg/day), although diary calcium had no association with OP in this model and was excluded from the final analysis. A small number of cases with OP can limit the statistical power and generalization of the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Muscle Strength and Body Composition Are Clinical Indicators of Osteoporosis

et al. 2012

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We examined the role of muscle strength, lean tissue distribution, and overall body composition as indicators of osteoporosis (OP) in a pooled sample of 979 Finnish postmenopausal women (mean age 68.1 years) from the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention study. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck (FN) and total body composition were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. The women (n = 979) were divided into three groups according to WHO criteria, based on FN BMD T score: normal (n = 474), osteopenia (n = 468), and OP (n = 37). Soft tissue proportions, fat mass index (FMI, fat/height²), lean mass index (LMI, lean/height²), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM, (arms + legs)/height²) were calculated. Handgrip and knee extension strength measurements were made. OP subjects had significantly smaller LMI (p = 0.001), ASM (p = 0.001), grip strength (p < 0.0001), and knee extension strength (p < 0.05) but not FMI (p > 0.05) compared to other subjects. Grip and knee extension strength were 19 and 16 % weaker in OP women compared to others, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 69 % for grip and 71 % for knee extension strength. In tissue proportions only LMI showed predictive power (63 %, p = 0.016). An overall linear association of LMI (R² = 0.007, p = 0.01) and FMI (R² = 0.028, p < 0.001) with FN BMD remained significant. In the multivariate model, after adjusting for age, grip strength, leg extension strength, FMI, LMI, number of medications, alcohol consumption, current smoking, dietary calcium intake, and hormone therapy, grip strength (adjusted OR = 0.899, 95 % CI 0.84-0.97, p < 0.01), leg extension strength (OR = 0.998, 95 % CI 0.99-1, p < 0.05), and years of hormone therapy (OR = 0.905, 95 % CI 0.82-1, p < 0.05) remained as significant determinants of OP. Muscle strength tests, especially grip strength, serve as an independent and useful tool for postmenopausal OP risk assessment. In addition, lean mass contributes to OP in this age group. Muscle strength and lean mass should be considered separately since both are independently associated with postmenopausal BMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Muscle Strength and Body Composition Are Clinical Indicators of Osteoporosis

et al. 2012

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“…Bone densitometry is the standard tool for the diagnosis of osteoporosis based on parameters defined by the World Health Organization (WHO 1994). However, the result may vary depending on the method employed (Faulkner et al 1999, Blake et al 2002, the part of the skeleton that is analyzed (El Maghraoui et al 2007, Mounach et al 2009) and the body composition of the patient (Saarelainen et al 2007). This occurs partly because, although osteoporosis is a systemic disease, bone loss is not uniform within the skeleton (Shea & Miller 2005), as the activity of bone cells depends on the local blood supply and mechanical stimulation (Weinstein & Manolagas 2000, Hazenberg et al 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic mild stress on parameters of bone assessment in adult male and female rats

et al. 2016

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RESUMO.-[Efeito do estresse moderado crônico sobre parâmetros de avaliação óssea em ratos adultos machos e fêmeas.] A osteoporose é uma doença multifatorial, de alta prevalência e que tem um grande impacto na qualidade de vida, principalmente porque os efeitos sobre a estrutura do osso aumentam o risco de fraturas, que podem ser muito debilitantes. Com base na observação de que pacientes com depressão têm menor densidade mineral óssea que indivíduos saudáveis , muitos estudos têm indicado que o estresse pode ser um fator agravante para a perda óssea. Este estudo avalia o efeito de um protocolo de estresse moderado crônico (EMC) em parâmetros de avaliação óssea em ratos machos e fêmeas. Cinco animais de cada sexo, com cinco meses de idade, foram submetidos a um cronograma de aplicação de estressores durante 28 dias. Os estressores incluídos foram: frio, calor, contenção, inclinação da gaiola, isolamento, iluminação durante a noite e privação de água e ração. Cinco animais de cada sexo foram mantidos com um Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease of high prevalence and has great impact on quality of life, because the effects on bone structure increase the risk of fractures, what may be very debilitating. Based on the observation that patients with depression have lower bone mineral density than healthy individuals, many studies have indicated that stress could be an aggravating factor for bone loss. This study evaluates the effect of a protocol of chronic mild stress (CMS) on parameters of bone assessment in male and female rats. Five 5-monh--old rats of each sex underwent a schedule of stressor application for 28 days. Stressors included cold, heat, restraint, cage tilt, isolation, overnight illumination, and water and food deprivation. Five rats of each sex were kept under minimum intervention as control group. The animals were weighed at beginning and end of the period, and after euthanasia had their bones harvested. Femur, tibia and lumbar vertebrae were analyzed by bone densitometry. Biomechanical tests were performed in femoral head and diaphysis. Trabecular bone volume was obtained from histomorphometric analysis of femoral head and vertebral body, as well as of femoral midshaft cross-sectional measures. Not all parameters analyzed showed effect of CMS. However, tibial and L4 vertebral bone mineral density and cross--sectional cortical/medullar ratio of femoral shaft were lower in female rats submitted to the CMS protocol. Among male rats, the differences were significant for femoral trabecular bone volume and maximum load obtained by biomechanical test. Thus, it could be confirmed that CMS can affect the balance of bone homeostasis in rats, what may contribute to the establishment of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Effects of chronic mild stress on parameters of bone assessment in adult male and female rats mínimo de intervenção como grupo controle. Os animais foram pesador no início e no final do período, e após eutanásia tiveram seus ossos coletados. Fêmur, tíbia e vértebra lombar foram analisados por dens...

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“…There are controversies about the best tests to use for various fractures sites-hip, wrist, spine (2,32,35), though some recommend bone densitometry (DXA) and radiography as the methods of choice to screen for osteoporosis, (30,31). It is recognized that the method used here may need extension and validation among diverse populations of men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that although no measures of bone mineral density (BMD) were made, correlations between percent body fat and BMD have been widely reported, [30][31][32][33][34][35]. Also notably, body composition and its relation to bone engage the attention of health care providers--clinicians, policy makers, insurers and others whose concerns are with understanding the best preventive, diagnostic, monitoring, and treatment strategies (5,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Nelson et al conclude that because of differences between bone measurement techniques, and because individuals have different rates of bone loss at different sites, no one test can exclude osteoporosis at the most important fracture sites, hip, spine and wrist (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Percent body fat, fractures and risk of osteoporosis in women

Wyshak

2010

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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The findings are consistent with methods using DXA and/or other technologies that show percent body fat is associated with fractures of the wrist and vertebrae. Identification of risk factors is necessary for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Estimation of percent body fat from age, height and weight may be a valid, cost-saving, and cost-effective alternative tool for screening and assessing risk of osteoporosis in settings where Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or other radiological techniques are too costly or unavailable.

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Is Discordance in Bone Measurements Affected by Body Composition or Anthropometry? A Comparative Study Between Peripheral and Central Devices

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Muscle Strength and Body Composition Are Clinical Indicators of Osteoporosis

Muscle Strength and Body Composition Are Clinical Indicators of Osteoporosis

Effects of chronic mild stress on parameters of bone assessment in adult male and female rats

Percent body fat, fractures and risk of osteoporosis in women

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