Is body fat loss a determinant factor in the improvement of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism following aerobic exercise training In obese women?

Lamarche, Benoı̂t; s, Jean-Pierre Despr; Pouliol, Marie-Christine; Moorjani, Sital; Lupien, Paul J.; riault, G. Th; Tremblay, A.; Nadeau, A; Bouchard, Claude

doi:10.1249/00005768-199205001-00079

Cited by 13 publications

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“…We have no explanation for the increased plasma insulin concentration in the LB group. Others showed a decrease in plasma insulin after exercise training without weight loss in obese and patients with coronary artery disease (36) (37) (38). It remains to be clarified whether this increase in plasma insulin concentration is accidental or typical for LB obese women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Low‐Intensity Exercise Training on Fat Metabolism of Obese Women

et al. 2001

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VAN AGGEL-LEIJSSEN, DORIEN P., WIM H. SARIS, ANTON J. WAGENMAKERS, GABBY B. HUL, AND MARLEEN A. VAN BAAK. The effect of low intensity exercise training on fat metabolism of obese women. Obes Res. 2001;9:86 -96. Objective: Previous studies have shown that fat metabolism is different in upper body (UB) and lower body (LB) obese women. The present study investigated whether the effect of low-intensity exercise training on fat metabolism is different in UB and LB obese premenopausal women. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty-one healthy, premenopausal women with either LB obesity (waist-to-hip ratio of Յ0.79; n ϭ 8) or UB obesity (waist-to-hip ratio of Ն0.85; n ϭ 13) participated in the present study. The UB obese women were matched and randomly divided in an exercise training group (UB) and a nonexercising control group (UB-C). Subjects in the UB and LB groups participated in a low-intensity exercise training program (40% VO 2 max) three times per week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, measurements of fat metabolism at rest and during exercise, body composition, and maximal aerobic capacity were performed. Results: Exercise training did not change the respiratory exchange ratio at rest in the UB and LB groups. During exercise, relative fat oxidation increased in the UB group by 19% (p Ͻ 0.05), whereas no change in the LB and UB-C groups was found. Plasma free fatty acid oxidation did not change by exercise training, and nonplasma fatty acid oxidation tended to increase in the UB group compared with the UB-C group (p ϭ 0.08). Discussion: Low-intensity exercise training increased the contribution of fat oxidation to total energy expenditure during exercise but not at rest in UB obese women. Exercise training had no significant effect on fat metabolism in the LB obese women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Low‐Intensity Exercise Training on Fat Metabolism of Obese Women

et al. 2001

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“…In persons without HIV, intensive aerobic exercise can decrease intra-abdominal adipose tissue by 17%-20% [59]. In addition, aerobic exercise increases peripheral glucose disposal in obese persons, even in the absence of weight loss [60,61], and should be beneficial for subjects with insulin resistance. A recent report suggests that an aerobic exercise program with a moderate-fat, low-glycemic-index, high-fiber diet can reverse aspects of lipodystrophy [62].…”

Section: Management Of Fat Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Habitus Changes Related to Lipodystrophy

Sattler

2003

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Changes in body fat in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been associated with deleterious changes in blood lipids and insulin resistance, raising concern that these changes will increase the risk for accelerated atherosclerosis. Changes in body fat are often identified in advanced disease but may also occur early after HIV infection is detected. Conflicting evidence suggests that fat maldistribution may be related to use of protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or a combination of these two classes of drugs, but the etiologies of the various changes in body fat remain uncertain. To date there have been no remedies for the loss of subcutaneous fat, but recent evidence has suggested that discontinuation of stavudine or zidovudine therapy may be associated with limited restoration of extremity fat. For fat accumulation, a number of strategies have been attempted, including treatment with human growth hormone, androgens, or metformin, and changes in diet and exercise. As in persons not infected with HIV, it is expected that the cornerstone of management, especially in the presence of central obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, will include a diet low in saturated fat, with low-glycemic index carbohydrates, and high in fiber. Very limited evidence in persons infected with HIV has suggested that a supervised exercise program may be beneficial.

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“…1 2 Several epidemiological studies have shown that low concentrations of total serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as a normal body fat percentage, are associated with decreased cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. [3][4][5][6] Considerable research has also been devoted to the eVect of exercise on lipid metabolism. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve lipid and glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity and serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and decreasing serum LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Regular physical activity has been shown to improve lipid and glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity and serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and decreasing serum LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. [6][7][8] Acute exercise has also been shown to improve lipid profiles. [9][10][11][12][13] Therefore, the therapeutic eVect of exercise is a widely recognised strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.…”

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Effect of 14 weeks of resistance training on lipid profile and body fat percentage in premenopausal women.

et al. 1999

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Objectives-To study the eVects of a supervised, intensive (85% of one repetition maximum (1-RM)) 14 week resistance training programme on lipid profile and body fat percentage in healthy, sedentary, premenopausal women. Subjects-Twenty four women (mean (SD) age 27 (7) years) took part in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a non-exercising control group or a resistance exercise training group. The resistance exercise training group took part in supervised 45-50 minute resistance training sessions (85% of 1-RM), three days a week on non-consecutive days for 14 weeks. The control group did not take part in any structured physical activity. Conclusions-These findings suggest that resistance training has a favourable eVect on lipid profile and body fat percentage in healthy, sedentary, premenopausal women. (Br J Sports Med 1999;33:190-195) Keywords: weight training; cholesterol; women; triglycerides; strength Hyperlipidaemia is a well documented risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and is the leading cause of death in men and women in the United States. Results-Two1 2 Several epidemiological studies have shown that low concentrations of total serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as a normal body fat percentage, are associated with decreased cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.3-6 Considerable research has also been devoted to the eVect of exercise on lipid metabolism. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve lipid and glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity and serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and decreasing serum LDL cholesterol and triglycerides.6-8 Acute exercise has also been shown to improve lipid profiles.9-13 Therefore, the therapeutic eVect of exercise is a widely recognised strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.The eVect of aerobic exercise on serum lipids has been the focus of most study. Favourable changes in triglycerides, LDL and HDL cholesterol have been reported in men after acute aerobic exercise 12-14 and chronic endurance training. 4 The eVect of aerobic exercise on lipid metabolism in women, who have higher HDL cholesterol than men, 15 16 has been less studied. In one study of women no change was seen in HDL cholesterol after aerobic training. 17Many women take part in resistance training, either as a supplement or alternative to aerobic training. High intensity resistance training has been reported to improve body composition and strength, [18][19][20] with no significant change in aerobic capacity.7 8 21 22 The eVect of acute 10 and chronic 22-24 resistance training on lipid metabolism has been studied less than aerobic training, but there are reports of improved lipid profiles in both men and women after high intensity resistance training. [22][23][24] However, there is a dearth of well controlled studies on the eVect of resistance training on lipid metabolism in premenopausal women. Reductions in total and LDL cholesterol have been reported in premenopausal wom...

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Is body fat loss a determinant factor in the improvement of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism following aerobic exercise training In obese women?

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Low‐Intensity Exercise Training on Fat Metabolism of Obese Women

The Effect of Low‐Intensity Exercise Training on Fat Metabolism of Obese Women

Body Habitus Changes Related to Lipodystrophy

Effect of 14 weeks of resistance training on lipid profile and body fat percentage in premenopausal women.

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