Is birth weight associated with pregestational maternal BMI? BRISA Cohort, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Abstract

Given the increase of women with excess weight or obesity and its possible effects on birth weight, the present study aimed to investigate the association between pregestational maternal body mass index (BMI) and birth weight in a birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. This was a prospective study conducted on 1362 mother-child pairs involving singleton births. The women were evaluated using standardized questionnaires during the second trimester of pregnancy and at the time of childbirth. Information about the newborns was obtained from their medical records. The dependent variable was birth weight, categorized as low, adequate, or high. The independent variable was pregestational maternal BMI, categorized as malnutrition, adequate weight, overweight, and obesity. A multinomial regression model was used to estimate the crude and adjusted relative risk (RR) of low and high birth weight. A high frequency of pregestational excess weight (39.6%) was detected and found to be independently associated with high birth weight (RR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.19-3.80 for overweight and RR=3.34, 95%CI: 1.80-6.19 for obese pregnant women). There was no association between pregestational malnutrition and low birth weight (RR=1.70; 95%CI: 0.81-3.55). The present data showed a high rate of women with excess pregestational weight, supporting the hypothesis that pregestational BMI may contribute to high birth weight babies and indicating the need for actions aiming to prevent excessive weight in women at reproductive age.

Relationship Between the Baby's Birth Weight and the Incidence of Perineal Tearing

“…Some authors also believe that factors such as the weight and height of the mother before pregnancy and the weight gain of the pregnant woman are strongly related to birth weight. (Trombe et al, 2020) Birth weight is the weight of a baby measured during the first 24 hours after birth. The higher the birth weight, the higher the risk of tearing the perineum.…”

Obesidade na gestação: um estudo sobre as repercussões na vida do binômio mãe-neonato

“…Os artigos analisados na revisão apresentam diversos problemas associados a obesidade na gestação, que podem acarretar em problemas na vida da mãe e do neonato, dentre elas é possível destacar na mãe a presença de diabetes mellitus gestacional, hipertensão, maior prevalência de cesarianas, hemorragia pós-parto, suscetibilidade para o aborto, infecções urinárias, aumento da mortalidade entre outros. Para o filho os mais presentes foram: macrossomia fetal, fetos pequenos para idade gestacional (PIG) ou grandes para idade gestacional (GIG), prematuridade, hiperinsulinemia e resistência à insulina, aumento da mortalidade fetal e comorbidades na infância, além de distúrbios metabólicos e respiratórios, entre outros (Nascimento et al, 2018a;Ferreira et al, 2019;Lana et al, 2020;Oliveira et al, 2020;Paulino et al, 2020;Silveira et al, 2021;Teles, 2021;Trombe et al, 2021).…”

“…Um estudo de corte transversal realizado com puérperas internadas na Maternidade Darcy Vargas (Joinville-Santa Catarina), entre os meses de maio e junho de 2013, apontou que a dicotomia obesidade e gestação traz repercussões negativas para a mãe, como a prevalência de cesarianas e hemorragias de grande porte (Silva et al, 2014). Corroborando com os achados de Lana et al (2020), Paulino et al (2020), Trombe et al (2021. Outro estudo, realizado em um hospital no Paraná, em 2017, mostrou que as cesarianas ocorreram devido a uma combinação de fatores em decorrência de comorbidades durante o período gravídico (Carreli et al, 2020).…”

Obstetric Outcomes of Obese Primigravida with Spontaneous Onset of Labour at Term

“…Fetal with large for gestational age and macrosomia were strongly associated with maternal obesity and it was the single most powerful indicator of shoulder dystocia. [48][49][50] A recent study among obese Polish women found that the adjusted risk of macrosomia was more than three folds. 51 The prevalence of postdate, MSAF and resuscitation requirements among macrosomic babies were also higher.…”