Is aquaculture abandonment a threat to sustainable coastal resource use? – A case study of Andhra Pradesh, India, with options for reuse

Ecosystem characteristics and environmental regulations based geospatial planning for sustainable aquaculture development

“…Also, the unplanned aquaculture has created self-pollution and disease outbreak, which led to environmental stress and subsequent crop failure in the shrimp farms (Joffre et al, 2015;Lafferty et al, 2015;Senarath & Visvanathan, 2001). The large extent of monodon culture farms was left idle due to disease outbreak and its subsequent loss (Jayanthi et al, 2019). The failure rate in monodon farming was partly related to the very high concentration of farms in certain areas, improper management practices, unavailability of disease-free seeds and quality inputs, and lack of cooperation among the farmers (Kautsky, Rönnbäck, Tedengren, & Troell, 2000).…”

“…Though few studies have used AHPbased GIS analysis to integrate multiple parameters based on its unique preferences in shrimp aquaculture site selection (Hadipour et al, 2015;Hossain & Das, 2010), environmental regulations or preventive plans in the planning process have not incorporated so far. (Jayanthi et al, 2019;Takoukam & Erikstein, 2013). The restrictions include a ban on environmentally sensitive regions, maximum permissible stocking density, farm discharge water quality standards, mandatory reservoir provisions, standards for effluent treatment systems, export permission through farm licensing system, antibiotic residues limit, and so on.…”

“…Different criteria have been integrated in site selection using GIS for hard clam culture in the United States; white shrimp in Continental Africa, Brazil, and Iran; mangrove oyster in Venezuela; mud crab and shrimp farming in Bangladesh, Vietnam; Japanese scallop culture in Japan; mussel culture in the United Kingdom; freshwater fish in Central Himalayas and tiger shrimp culture in India (Arnold, White, Norris, & Berrigan, 2000;Buitrago, Rada, Hernández, & Buitrago, 2005;Giap, Yi, & Lin, 2005;Hadipour, Vafaie, & Hadipour, 2015;Hossain & Das, 2010;Karthik, Suri, Saharan, & Biradar, 2005;Nayak, Kumar, Pant, & Mohanty, 2018;Radiarta, Saitoh, & Miyazono, 2008;Salam, Khatun, & Ali, 2005;Yin, Takeshige, Miyake, & Kimura, 2018). But studies have not considered national land-use policy, spatial restrictions, legal guidelines, or conservation laws into the site selection process so far (Jayanthi et al, 2019).…”

“…The countries like India, Thailand, Myanmar, and Malaysia imposed the restriction for shrimp farm development and regulated licensing system for practices. The restrictions include ban on mangroves, agricultural lands, and ecologically important ecosystems for aquaculture use, maximum permissible stocking density, water quality standards, mandatory reservoir, export permission through farm license, quarantine protocols for non-native species, buffer zone between resources and aquaculture regions, and so on (Coastal Aquaculture Authority [CAA], 2014;Jayanthi et al, 2019;Naito & Suphakarn, 2006;Richards & Friess, 2016).…”

Dynamics of land‐use changes and their future trends using spatial analysis and the CA‐Markov model—A case‐study with a special emphasis on aquaculture development in India

“…World aquaculture production of farmed species has been ruled by Asia, with an 89% stake in the last few decades (FAO, 2020), and also made modifications in the coastal resource pattern (Richards & Friess, 2016). The aquaculture development had several environmental issues such as deforestation of mangroves (Thomas et al, 2017), conversion of agricultural lands (Jayanthi et al, 2019), saltwater intrusion into agricultural lands, and salinization of freshwater resources (Cardoso-Mohedano et al, 2016). Precise multitemporal depictions of land class changes are of utmost importance in monitoring resource use from ecologically important natural environments to aquaculture activities.…”