Is a novel conceptual unit more than the sum of its parts?: FMRI evidence from an associative recognition memory study

Bader, Regine; Opitz, Bertram; Reith, Wolfgang; Mecklinger, Axel

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.006

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Encoding of single items has been shown to elicit less fMRI activation in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex than associative pairs of items (Achim & Lepage, , ). Studies of unitization of word pairs have demonstrated a shift from hippocampal to perirhinal activation predicting subsequent successful associative recognition (Bader, Opitz, Reith, & Mecklinger, ; Diana, Yonelinas, & Ranganath, ), consistent with the notion that unitized pairs are encoded and retrieved more like single items.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…While it appears that unitization may indeed increase reliance on familiarity, it is less clear whether recollection is reduced or maintained for unitized pairs relative to nonunitized pairs. Bader et al () found reductions in expression of a HC recollection network during recognition of unitized pairs relative to nonunitized pairs, suggesting a reduction in recollection. In contrast, Diana et al () found that HC and parahippocampal cortex (PHC) activation correlated equally well with the recollection component of recognition for verbal pairs under both unitized and nonunitized conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual integration of objects and scenes increases recollection‐based responding despite differential MTL recruitment in young and older adults

Memel¹,

Ryan

2018

Hippocampus

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Unitization, the process of encoding previously independent units as one coherent representation, improves associative memory in both young and older adults, or in some cases, differentially benefits older adults. Unitization of verbal associative pairs may reduce reliance on the hippocampus (HC) for successful encoding and recognition by shifting to familiarity-based processing mediated by perirhinal cortex (PRC). However, this shift was not observed in a recent study of visual associative memory, with equivalent activation in HC and PRC during encoding of visually integrated (unitized) and nonintegrated object and scene pairs. Furthermore, behavioral findings from this study suggested an increase in recollection rather than familiarity during recognition of visually integrated pairs. The present study extends our previous work by focusing on the influence of visual integration on fMRI activation during associative recognition, rather than encoding and these patterns between young and older adults. In contrast to our findings from encoding, visual integration reduced HC and PRC activation during retrieval of object and scene associative pairs across both age groups. However, visual integration increased the correlation between bilateral HC and left parahippocampal (PHC) activation and behavioral performance among older adults, consistent with an increased reliance on recollection. In contrast, visual integration reduced the correlation between HC activation and behavioral performance in young adults, more consistent with findings from the verbal unitization literature. Taken together, these results suggest that associative memory for visually integrated pairs may involve differential recruitment of medial temporal regions in young and older adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual integration of objects and scenes increases recollection‐based responding despite differential MTL recruitment in young and older adults

Memel¹,

Ryan

2018

Hippocampus

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“…sub-region within the medial temporal lobe that is associated with the familiarity process and supports the retrieval of unitized associations (Bader, Opitz, Reith, & Mecklinger, 2014;Diana et al, 2010;Haskins et al, 2008), was minimally affected by aging (Daselaar et al, 2006;Dulas & Duarte, 2012;Raz et al, 2005). Future research is needed to examine this speculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Unitization improves source memory in older adults: An event-related potential study

Zheng

Xiao

et al. 2016

Neuropsychologia

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“…Due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio present in MTL (e.g., Schacter & Wagner, 1999), an uncorrected threshold of p < .005, k ≥ 10 was used. This uncorrected threshold has been used in other studies investigating MTL activity (e.g., Bader, Opitz, Reith, & Mecklinger, 2014; Diana, Yonelinas, & Ranganath, 2010; Meyer, Mecklinger, & Friederici, 2010; Wang et al, 2014), and using Monte Carlo simulations with the 3dClustSim program in the AFNI software package (NIMH), the selected voxel-wide and cluster-size thresholds allowed us to correct for multiple comparisons within the MTL ROI to p < .05. The MTL ROI was defined via the Harvard-Oxford cortical and subcortical atlases in the FSL software package (FMRIB), which have been used in studies of middle aged and older participants (e.g., Giorgio et al, 2010) as well as patient populations (e.g., Zarei et al, 2009), and included bilateral HC, and anterior (including PRC) and posterior parahippocampal gyrus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in medial temporal lobe involvement during conceptual fluency

2015

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Not all memory processes are equally affected by aging. A widely accepted hypothesis is that older adults rely more on familiarity-based processing, typically linked with the perirhinal cortex (PRC), in the context of impaired recollection, linked with the hippocampus (HC). However, according to the dedifferentiation hypothesis, healthy aging reduces the specialization of MTL memory subregions so that they may mediate different memory processes than in young adults. Using fMRI, we tested this possibility using a conceptual fluency manipulation known to induce familiarity-related PRC activity. The study yielded two main findings. First, although fluency equivalently affected PRC in both young (18–28; N = 14) and older (62–80; N=15) adults, it also uniquely affected HC activity in older adults. Second, the fluency manipulation reduced functional connectivity between HC and PRC in young adults, but it increased it in older adults. Taken together, the results suggest that aging may result in reduced specialization of the HC for recollection, such that the HC may be recruited when fluency increases familiarity-based responding.

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Is a novel conceptual unit more than the sum of its parts?: FMRI evidence from an associative recognition memory study

Cited by 32 publications

References 67 publications

Visual integration of objects and scenes increases recollection‐based responding despite differential MTL recruitment in young and older adults

Visual integration of objects and scenes increases recollection‐based responding despite differential MTL recruitment in young and older adults

Unitization improves source memory in older adults: An event-related potential study

Age-related differences in medial temporal lobe involvement during conceptual fluency

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