Irritant-Induced Chronic Cough: Irritant-Induced TRPpathy

Many pesticides are sensitizers or irritants capable of directly damaging the bronchial mucosa, thus making the airway very sensitive to allergens or other stimuli. However, most pesticides are weakly immunogenic so that their potential to sensitize airways in exposed populations is limited. Pesticides may increase the risk of developing asthma, exacerbate a previous asthmatic condition or even trigger asthma attacks by increasing bronchial hyper-responsiveness.

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“…It has been proposed that human TRPpathies may account for the variability of asthma development upon allergen or chemical challenges [32].…”

Section: Neurogenic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and asthma

Hernández

Parrón²,

Alarcón³

2011

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

133

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“…In another example, workers in a chilli pepper factory who continuously exposed to capsaicin reported chronic cough and demonstrated heightened cough reflex sensitivity [26]. A recent review of irritant-induced cough provides a useful overview of this topic [27].…”

Section: How Common Is Airway Sensory Hyperreactivity (Shr)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there clinical features of a sensitized cough reflex?

McGarvey

McKeagney²,

Polley

et al. 2009

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

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Key words: sensory hyperresponsiveness, hyperreactivity, cough reflex, receptor AbstractCough reflex hypersensitization is a key feature in patients with troublesome cough. The clinical consequence of this hypersensitive state is typified by bouts of coughing often triggered by low threshold stimuli encountered by the patient during normal daily activities including exposure to aerosols, scents and odours, a change in air temperature and when talking or laughing. These features are often perceived by cough patients to be the most disruptive aspect of their condition and undoubtedly contribute to impaired quality of life.Patients with troublesome cough may describe a range of additional symptoms and sensations including an 'urge to cough' or the feeling of an 'itch' at the back of the throat, or a choking sensation and occasionally chest pain or breathlessness. It is uncertain if these features arise due to the processes responsible for cough reflex sensitisation or as a direct consequence of the underlying cough aetiology. In an attempt to understand the clinical features of a sensitized cough reflex, the spectrum of symptoms typically described by cough patients will be reviewed and possible underlying mechanisms considered. Since an intact cough reflex is crucial to airway protection, anti-tussive treatment that attenuates the hypersensitive cough state rather than abolishing the cough reflex completely would be preferable. Identifying such agents remains a clinical, scientific and pharmacological challenge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, given the critical involvement of TRP channels in irritant sensing, TRP variants may be particularly relevant for irritant-induced cough [21]. Exposures to irritants, for instance in cigarette smoke, or in exposures at work can lead to a spectrum of asthma-related symptoms, including cough [21]. In recent years, studies on asthma and chronic cough symptoms in workers exposed to irritant cleaning products have raised interest in chronic or repeated exposures to relatively low levels of irritants [22-24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

Smit¹,

Kogevinas²,

Antó³

et al. 2012

Respir Res

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BackgroundTransient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough.MethodsNocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model.ResultsStatistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10-6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10-6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05).ConclusionsTRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.

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Irritant-Induced Chronic Cough: Irritant-Induced TRPpathy

Cited by 32 publications

References 48 publications

Pesticides and asthma

Pesticides and asthma

Are there clinical features of a sensitized cough reflex?

Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults

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