Irritant Contact Dermatitis of the Hands in Housewives

Meneghini, C. L.; Sertoli, A.; Nava, C; Angelini, Gianni; Francalanci, Simona; Foti, Caterina; Moroni, P.

doi:10.1159/000424296

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This has led to a high frequency of skin (contact) allergy to fragrances, as many of the fragrance compounds are reactive and allergenic or can be activated to such compounds. By estimate, 1–3% of the European population is contact allergic to fragrance ingredients . This makes fragrances the most common cause of contact allergy in the population apart from nickel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of allergenic hydroperoxides in essential oils using gas chromatography with electron ionization mass spectrometry

Rudbäck

Ramzy

Karlberg

et al. 2014

J of Separation Science

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Fragrance monoterpenes are widely used commercially due to their pleasant scent. In previous studies, we have shown that air-exposed monoterpenes form hydroperoxides that are strong skin sensitizers. Methods for detection and quantification of the hydroperoxides in essential oils and scented products are thus desirable. Due to thermolability and low UV absorbance, this is a complicated task. We have recently developed a sensitive LC-ESI-MS method, but with limited structural information and separation efficiency for positional isomers and stereoisomers. In the present study, we investigated derivatization with a trimethyl silyl reagent and subsequent GC with electron ionization MS for the determination of monoterpene hydroperoxides. All investigated monoterpene hydroperoxides could be chromatographed as thermostable trimethyl silyl derivatives and yielded the fragment m/z 89 ([OSi(CH3)3](+)) at a higher extent compared to corresponding alcohols. Limonene-2-hydroperoxide and four other hydroperoxide isomers of limonene were separated and detected in sweet orange oil autoxidized for two months. The concentration of limonene-2-hydroperoxide isomers was found to be 19 μg/mg in total. Also isomers of linalyl acetate hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide were detected in autoxidized petitgrain oil (two months). The presented GC-MS method showed concentrations in the same order as previous LC-MS/MS analysis of the same type of oils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of allergenic hydroperoxides in essential oils using gas chromatography with electron ionization mass spectrometry

Rudbäck

Ramzy

Karlberg

et al. 2014

J of Separation Science

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“…It is estimated that the frequency of contact allergy to fragrance ingredients in the general population in Europe is 1-3% [1][2][3]. Contact allergy is a life-long altered specific reactivity in the immune system that can develop following skin contact with a sufficient amount of allergenic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensitive method for determination of allergenic fragrance terpene hydroperoxides using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

Rudbäck

Islam

Nilsson

et al. 2013

J of Separation Science

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Different compositions of monoterpenes are utilized for their pleasant scent in cosmetics and perfumes. However, the most commonly used fragrance terpenes easily oxidize upon contact with air, forming strongly skin-sensitizing hydroperoxides. Due to their thermolability and low UV absorbance, detection methods for hydroperoxides are scarce. For the first time, a simple and sensitive method using LC/ESI-MS/MS was developed to quantitatively determine hydroperoxides from the common fragrance compounds linalool, linalyl acetate, and limonene. The method was applied to autoxidized petitgrain oil and sweet orange oil. A separation was accomplished using a C3 column. The method LOD for the investigated hydroperoxides in the essential oils was below 0.3 μg/mL, corresponding to 0.3 ppm. For prevention purposes and according to EU regulations, concentrations in cosmetics exceeding 100 ppm in "rinse-off" and 10 ppm in "stay-on" products of linalool and limonene must be labeled. However, the products may still contain allergens, such as hydroperoxides, formed by oxidative degradation of their parent terpenes. The sensitivity and selectivity of the presented LC/MS/MS method enables detection of hydroperoxides from the fragrance terpenes linalool, linalyl acetate, and limonene. However, for routine measurements, the method requires further validation.

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“…Citronellol is one of the compounds present in fragrance mix II (FM II) in the European baseline series. Between 1% and 3% of the general European population is estimated to have contact allergy to fragrance ingredients . To reduce the risk of skin sensitization and eczema resulting from the use of cosmetic products and protect public health, the EU demands that 24 fragrance compounds and two natural oils that are considered to be the major culprits must be declared on cosmetic products .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of skin sensitizers from autoxidized citronellol – impact of the terpene structure on the autoxidation process

et al. 2014

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The present study shows the impact of the absence of the 2,3-double bond in the citronellol structure on the oxidation pathways for formation of oxidation products. The study also shows the usefulness of our new GC-MS method for quantification of the citronellol oxidation products, especially the hydroperoxides. The investigated citronellol hydroperoxides could be important allergens, owing to the high concentrations detected and frequent exposure to citronellol in the population.

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Irritant Contact Dermatitis of the Hands in Housewives

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of allergenic hydroperoxides in essential oils using gas chromatography with electron ionization mass spectrometry

Determination of allergenic hydroperoxides in essential oils using gas chromatography with electron ionization mass spectrometry

A sensitive method for determination of allergenic fragrance terpene hydroperoxides using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

Characterization of skin sensitizers from autoxidized citronellol – impact of the terpene structure on the autoxidation process

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