Irrigation in India: Status, challenges and options

Jain, Rajni; Kishore, Prabhat; Singh, Dhirendra Kumar

doi:10.5958/2455-7145.2019.00050.x

Cited by 66 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Irrigated agricultural lands are of vital importance, as they represent 20% of the total cultivated land but contribute over 40% of the global food production (WWAP, 2009). Irrigated agriculture has been expanding to feed the growing global population; for example, India, China, and Brazil have witnessed a 30% (Jain et al, 2020), 52% (Zhu et al, 2013), and 52% (Carvalho et al, 2020) increase in cultivated areas under irrigation in the last 50 years, respectively. Further, between 2012 and 2030, the global irrigated land area is expected to increase by over 30%, from 310 Mha to 402 Mha (Darko et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Superhydrophobic Sand Mulching on Evapotranspiration and Phenotypic Responses in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) under Normal and Reduced Irrigation

Odokonyero

Gallo

Santos

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Irrigated agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions is a vital contributor to the global food supply; however, these regions endure massive evaporative losses that are compensated by unsustainable freshwater withdrawals. Plastic mulches have been used to curtail evaporation, improve water-use efficiency, and ensure food–water security, but they are non-biodegradable and their disposal is unsustainable. We recently developed superhydrophobic sand (SHS), which comprises sand grains with a nanoscale wax coating that could offer a more sustainable mulching solution. Here, the effects of adding a 1.0 cm-thick layer of SHS mulch on the evapotranspiration and phenotypic responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants are studied under normal and reduced irrigation. Under both irrigation regimes, SHS mulching suppressed evaporation and enhanced transpiration by 78% and 17%, respectively relative to the bare soil. Overall, SHS mulching enhanced root xylem vessel diameter, stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content index by 21%, 25%, 28%, and 23%, respectively. Total fruit yields, total dry mass, and harvest index increased in SHS-mulched plants by 33%, 20%, and 16%, respectively than in bare soil. These findings demonstrate the potential of SHS to boost irrigation efficiency in water-limited environments and provide mechanistic insights behind yield enhancement by SHS mulching.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Superhydrophobic Sand Mulching on Evapotranspiration and Phenotypic Responses in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) under Normal and Reduced Irrigation

Odokonyero

Gallo

Santos

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These reservoirs act as a source for irrigation water supply and domestic water supply. The groundwater and surface water irrigation in combination recorded a utilized irrigation potential of 87 Mha when compared to total irrigation potential of 140 Mha in 2019 which contributed to the rise in the net irrigated area from nearly 18 per cent to 48 per cent in the recent times [1]. This is made possible through the government interventions at various levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Groundwater Irrigation Development on Cropping Intensity and Crop Productivity in Krishnagiri District

Kumar

Ashok

Prahadeeswaran

et al. 2021

AJAEES

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Aims: The study is done with the objective of assessing the impact of groundwater irrigation development on cropping intensity and crop productivity in Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India. Study Design: Purposive random sampling Place and Duration of Study: Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu, India during 2019-20. Methodology: The data on irrigation sources and area under various irrigation sources in Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu and India is subjected to growth analysis using trend studies and CAGR (Compound Annual Growth rate) to study the ground water irrigation development. Whereas, regression analysis was done with the primary data collected from 120 farming households in Krishnagiri on agricultural land use and irrigation to study the impact of groundwater irrigation on cropping intensity and crop productivity. Results: As the net tube wells and other well irrigated area to net sown area (GWA) increases, there has been a corresponding increase in cropping intensity and crop productivity. The rise in percent of net tank and canal irrigated area to net sown area and percent of fertilizer applied area to net sown area have also increased cropping intensity and crop productivity whereas the increase in percent of net rainfed area to net sown area have decreased the cropping intensity and crop productivity. Conclusion: The ground water utilization through tube well construction have increased the cropping intensity and crop productivity.

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“…India does not possess any significant irrigation network. Only the states of Punjab and Haryana have proper irrigation infrastructure in place (Skutsch & Rydzewski, 2001) (Jain, Kishore, & Singh, 2019). Agriculture in the rest of the country either survives on monsoons or depends upon the groundwater source (Kumar K. , 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall Trend And Seasonality Estimation For Marathwada Region

Bana

Garg

2021

Preprint

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The present research work conducts a seasonality and trend analysis of rainfall over the 8 districts of the Marathwada region India. The study is carried out for the last 39 years ranging from 1980 to 2018. The rainfall data analysed pertains to pre-monsoon season, monsoon season (Kharif), and annual. The trend has been estimated using Sen’s slope estimation process along with Mann-Kendal test. It was observed that the all the Eight districts of the region show a negative trend in the annual rainfall received. Nanded district showed the largest negative trend in the annual rainfall. Out of eight districts seven districts of the region show a decline in rainfall during the monsoon season. The district of Nanded showed largest decline in the rainfall received during monsoon season. The present research work concludes with discussion on possible causes of such estimated trends.

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Irrigation in India: Status, challenges and options

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Superhydrophobic Sand Mulching on Evapotranspiration and Phenotypic Responses in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) under Normal and Reduced Irrigation

Effects of Superhydrophobic Sand Mulching on Evapotranspiration and Phenotypic Responses in Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) under Normal and Reduced Irrigation

The Impact of Groundwater Irrigation Development on Cropping Intensity and Crop Productivity in Krishnagiri District

Rainfall Trend And Seasonality Estimation For Marathwada Region

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