Irradiation-dependent topology optimization of metallization grid patterns and variation of contact layer thickness used for latitude-based yield gain of thin-film solar modules

Abstract

We show that the concept of topology optimization for metallization grid patterns of thin-film solar devices can be applied to monolithically integrated solar cells. Different irradiation intensities favor different topological grid designs as well as a different thickness of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer. For standard laboratory efficiency determination, an irradiation power of $$1000\,\mathrm {W/m}^2$$ 1000 W / m 2 is generally applied. However, this power rarely occurs for real-world solar modules operating at mid-latitude locations. Therefore, contact layer thicknesses and also lateral grid patterns should be optimized for lower irradiation intensities. This results in material production savings for the grid and TCO layer of up to 50 % and simultaneously a significant gain in yield of over $$1\,\%$$ 1 % for regions with a low annual mean irradiation. Graphical Abstract

Extrapolating CIGS Module Performance From Laboratory Cell Performance Using IEC61853 Standard Reference Climatic Profiles

“…While a share of the PV community already agrees on the necessity to verify PV module performance under realistic operating conditions, the efficiency of CIGS solar cells as well as cell optimization approaches still refer to STC performance. Zinßer et al [11] showed that cell optimization w.r.t. STC can result in less yield compared with cell optimization w.r.t differing conditions based on typical meteorological year's irradiation data in different locations.…”