Irradiated Ch/GG/PVP‐based stimuli‐responsive hydrogels for controlled drug release

Abstract

Hydrogels based on gamma (γ) irradiated chitosan (pre‐irradiated), guar gum, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were crosslinked with various concentrations of (3‐mercapto propyl)trimethoxysilane and fabricated by solution casting technique for the drug delivery applications. High molecular weight chitosan (Ch) possesses lower solubility and higher viscosity, these problems overcame by γ irradiation, which also generated hydrophilicity and effect of irradiated Ch on controlled drug release was assessed. FTIR analysis showed the development of chemical and physical interactions and confirmed the incorporation of characteristic peaks. SEM micrographs revealed porous structure of the prepared hydrogels. Swelling analysis of the hydrogels was performed in distilled water, buffer, and electrolyte mediums. All the hydrogel samples showed higher swelling at acidic pH and lower swelling at neutral and basic pH. These pH‐responsive characteristics made these RCGP hydrogels an important contender for injectable controlled drug release. The ampicillin sodium drug was loaded and in vitro controlled release mechanism was evaluated in the PBS, SIF, and SGF which shown out of all prepared hydrogels (RCGP‐1, RCGP‐2, and RCGP‐3), RCGP‐1 has exhibited 87.4% release in PBS and 81.3% in SIF in 180 min.

Thermosensitive acetylated carboxymethyl chitosan gel depot systems sustained release caffeic acid phenethyl ester for periodontitis treatment

“…As presented in Figure 3A, the swelling response in distilled water was time‐dependent. In most of the specimens, a linear response was observed against time, and DA was inversely correlated with the swelling index 35 . In other words, we can conclude that the swelling index was dictated by DA.…”

“…In most of the specimens, a linear response was observed against time, and DA was inversely correlated with the swelling index. 35 In other words, we can conclude that the swelling index was dictated by DA. Because of a little gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal pocket, A-CC 3 gel with low swelling was most suitable for periodontal administration.…”

“…As the amount of acetic anhydride was increased, the pore size was gradually decreased, and the pore distribution became denser with the swelling characteristics diminished, which may be ascribed to the enhanced hydrophobic action of acetyl between molecular chains of A-CC. 35,38 It also demonstrated that the pore size can be adjusted by controlling the DA, which has potential application value in drug sustainedrelease carriers.…”

State-of-the-Art Irradiation Technology for Polymeric Hydrogel Fabrication and Application in Drug Release System

“…Recently, hydrogel fabrication through gamma ray irradiation has gained enormous interest. This irradiation technique is suitable for the modification of the physical and chemical properties of polymers (Jha et al, 2010;Raza and Park, 2020). Furthermore, gamma ray irradiation has several advantages as compare to the thermal activation process such as polymerization in the absence of any extra reagent and crosslinking (Park et al, 2013).…”

Fabrication of PEG‐anthracene/alginate double‐network hydrogels and their application in photolithography

“…Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels belong to a new type of intelligent materials that are responsive to various external stimuli. Their physical and chemical properties can be tuned by the applied stimuli, providing the opportunity of fabricating tailorable dynamic functional materials 34–38 . Proper physical or chemical triggers can be used to structurally reconfigure the crosslinking units, controlling the mechanical properties of the hydrogels 39–41 .…”