Ironies of Automation

Bainbridge, Lisanne

doi:10.1016/s1474-6670(17)62897-0

Cited by 290 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

252

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It's what Bainbridge (1982) calls the "ironies of automation": the design logic adopted by engineers, who believe they are the operators the weak link of the human-machine system, induces errors of the pilots, to them to reduce the decision margins and autonomy. Automated technical systems have become increasingly sophisticated and are made up of different sub-systems not integrated yet, whose informational interfaces can induce difficulties while driving.…”

Section: Explanation Of the 2nd Level Of Misunderstanding And The Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erros humanos em situações de urgência: análise cognitiva do comportamento dos pilotos na catástrofe do voo Air France 447

Rocha

Lima

2018

Gest. Prod.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

On June 1st 2009, the Airbus 330 of Air France that left from Rio de Janeiro to Paris, falls into the Atlantic Ocean killing 228 people on board. One of the causes of the accident mentioned by official agencies were the mistakes made by the pilots, which combined with technical failures led to the loss of control of the plane. Human error was again appointed as the last link in the chain of events leading to the accident and, therefore, as its immediate cause. In this paper it is proposed an alternative explanation, which is not limited to the identification of mistakes made by the crew but proposes an explanation of mistakes. In a cognitive analysis of accidents based on the concept of action and situated cognition, the error is not the point of arrival of the diagnosis of the causes of an accident, but it is its starting point. Like this, resumed the official results of the accident, the specific reference to the expected behavior of pilots in relation to evolving unforeseen and breach of aviation rules during the four minutes leading up to the fall of the aircraft in the ocean. This critical analysis makes room for a more comprehensive explanation of the pilots behavior, based on another frame of reference -the cognitive analysis of accidents -not yet incorporated in the official models of analysis of human factors in safety, and allows to speculate on other actions for prevention.

show abstract

Section: Explanation Of the 2nd Level Of Misunderstanding And The Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erros humanos em situações de urgência: análise cognitiva do comportamento dos pilotos na catástrofe do voo Air France 447

Rocha

Lima

2018

Gest. Prod.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…But this policy has brought other difficulties. (Bainbridge 1983) On the contrary, theories in resilient engineering (Hollnagel 2006) persuade positive involvement of human in operation of mechanical system rather than excluding human factors from the system design, because the recent analysis revealed that human is proactively contributing to improve robustness and persistent operation of mechanical system. This background gives enough motivation to start the study on methods for involving human as an essential component of system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Causality Modelling for Human Behavior: The Method and Its Applications

Takada

Naito

Sawaragi

2014

IFAC Proceedings Volumes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…W ITH the rapid progress of technology, there is a concerted effort to use automated systems to augment human abilities in safety critical tasks such as automobile driving, aviation, and process automation. However, a lesson learned from process automation is that, in the absence of human factors considerations, even technologically state-of-the-art systems can be more problematic than beneficial [1], [27], [32]. This lesson indicates the importance of including human factors in the automation design process so as to prevent "ironies of automation" [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) Limitations: Automation should safely and reliably operate within its intended limits, and these limits should be easily identifiable and interpretable by human operators. 1 2) Responsibility: The transfer of authority between human and automation should be seamless, meaning neither the operator nor the automation should be required to work outside the limits of their operation. Additionally, the operator should know who does what work and when.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-based human-centered task automation: A case study in ACC system design

Goodrich

Boer

2003

IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Engineers, business managers, and governments are increasingly aware of the importance and difficulty of integrating technology and humans. The presence of technology can enhance human comfort, efficiency, and safety, but the absence of humanfactors analysis can lead to uncomfortable, inefficient, and unsafe systems. Systematic human-centered design requires a basic understanding of how humans generate and manage tasks. A very useful model of human behavior generation can be obtained by recognizing the task-specific role of mental models in not only guiding execution of skills but also managing initiation and termination of these skills. By identifying the human operator's mental models and using them as templates for automating different tasks, we experimentally support the hypothesis that natural and safe interaction between human operator and automation is facilitated by this model-based human-centered approach. The design of adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems is used as a case study in the design of model-based task automation systems. Such designs include identifying ecologically appropriate perceptual states, identifying perceptual triggering events for managing transitions between skilled behaviors, and coordinating the actions of automation and operator.

show abstract

Ironies of Automation

Cited by 290 publications

References 8 publications

Erros humanos em situações de urgência: análise cognitiva do comportamento dos pilotos na catástrofe do voo Air France 447

Erros humanos em situações de urgência: análise cognitiva do comportamento dos pilotos na catástrofe do voo Air France 447

Cognitive Causality Modelling for Human Behavior: The Method and Its Applications

Model-based human-centered task automation: A case study in ACC system design

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About