Iron: The Redox-active Center of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease

Castellani, Rudy J.; Moreira, Paula I.; Li, Gang; Dobson, Jon; Perry, George; Smith, Mark A.; Zhu, Xiongwei

doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9360-7

Cited by 159 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Although PM mass has conventionally been used for setting of legislative airborne PM concentration limits, it is possible that ultrafine particle size and number are of greater significance in terms of mortality (26) 10 for Mexico City of between ∼30 and 70 μg·m −3 ). The abundant combustion-derived magnetite particles found in airborne PM can range widely in size, from less than 5 nm to more than 1 μm (15-17, 19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain

Maher

Ahmed

Karloukovski

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

807

627

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Biologically formed nanoparticles of the strongly magnetic mineral, magnetite, were first detected in the human brain over 20 y ago [Kirschvink JL, Kobayashi-Kirschvink A, Woodford BJ (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89(16):7683-7687]. Magnetite can have potentially large impacts on the brain due to its unique combination of redox activity, surface charge, and strongly magnetic behavior. We used magnetic analyses and electron microscopy to identify the abundant presence in the brain of magnetite nanoparticles that are consistent with high-temperature formation, suggesting, therefore, an external, not internal, source. Comprising a separate nanoparticle population from the euhedral particles ascribed to endogenous sources, these brain magnetites are often found with other transition metal nanoparticles, and they display rounded crystal morphologies and fused surface textures, reflecting crystallization upon cooling from an initially heated, iron-bearing source material. Such high-temperature magnetite nanospheres are ubiquitous and abundant in airborne particulate matter pollution. They arise as combustion-derived, iron-rich particles, often associated with other transition metal particles, which condense and/ or oxidize upon airborne release. Those magnetite pollutant particles which are <∼200 nm in diameter can enter the brain directly via the olfactory bulb. Their presence proves that externally sourced iron-bearing nanoparticles, rather than their soluble compounds, can be transported directly into the brain, where they may pose hazard to human health.brain magnetite | magnetite pollution particles | Alzheimer's disease | combustion-derived nanoparticles | airborne particulate matter

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain

Maher

Ahmed

Karloukovski

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

807

627

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In line with this, compelling evidence has demonstrated that several neurodegenerative disorders involving oxidative stress are associated with an increase in brain Fe 2ϩ levels during the onset and progression of the disease (28 -31). Specifically, iron accumulation has been shown in brain regions with clear signs of neurodegeneration (32,33). Recent studies have demonstrated that molecules with the ability to bind iron are effective in slowing disease progression in both AD models and patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt Signaling Has Pleiotropic Targets in Hippocampal Neurons Exposed to Iron-induced Oxidative Stress

Uranga

Katz

Salvador

2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Iron is known to play a central role in many pathologies as neurodegenerative (Castellani et al, 2007) and hepatocellular injury (Uchiyama et al, 2008). We observed an increase in plasma free iron (HamlaouiGasmi et al, 2011b) that could result from its extrusion from the kidney.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract on high dosage garlic-induced renal oxidative stress

Hamlaoui

Samti

Mokni

et al. 2012

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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Protective effect of grape seed and Protective effect of grape seed and Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract on high dosage garlic skin extract on high dosage garlic skin extract on high dosage garlic---induced renal oxidative stress induced renal oxidative stress induced renal oxidative stress BJP IntroductionGarlic (Allium sativum L.) has been widely used in traditional medicine and its health effects are mainly attributable to organosulfur compounds (Berginc et al., 2010) and to flavonoids and phenolics (Shirzad et al., 2011). However, some controversies persist concerning garlic dose and mode of administration. In a prior study, we showed that a high garlic dose administered intraperitoneally (ip) induced a pro-oxidant effect and ultimately blood toxicity (Hamlaoui-Gasmi et al., 2011a).Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) is a nutritional supplement exhibiting beneficial health effects (Suwannaphet et al., 2010) and containing polyphenolics classified as flavonoid and non-flavonoid compounds (Khanal et al., 2009). Flavonoids, which are highly concentrated in seeds, are mainly composed of monomeric catechins, proanthocyanidins, and flavonols such as quercetin (Renaud and De Lorgeril, 1992). Nonflavonoids, highly abundant in skin, contain stilbenes such as resveratrol, which is at the basis of the French Paradox (Renaud and De Lorgeril, 1992). GSSE has wide ranging benefits as cardioprotective (Decordé et al., 2009) and neuroprotective effects (Wang et al., 2009). More specifically, resveratrol is multi-organ protective owing to its anti-oxidant (Kelen and Tepe, 2007) and anti-inflammatory properties (Kowalczyk et al., 2010). Proanthocyanidins exert antineoplasic effects by inducing cytotoxicity towards some cancer cells (Chatelain et al., 2011). Quercetin and rutin are neuroprotective (Jimenez-Aliaga et al., 2011), and catechin, epicatechin, and gallic acid exhibited cholesterol-lowering activity (Ngamukote et al., 2011). AbstractIn this study, the protective role of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) against high garlic dose-induced renal toxicity has been evaluated. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with garlic (5 g/kg bw) or GSSE (500 mg/kg bw) or a combination of garlic and GSSE at the same doses daily for one month. Renal oxidative stress markers and anti-oxidant status were evaluated. We also measured plasma creatinine and urea. Data showed that high garlic dose induced renal toxicity by increasing creatinine and urea and a pro-oxidative status characterized by increased malondialdehyde, carbonyl protein, calcium and H2O2, but decreased free iron. Unexpectedly garlic increased catalase but decreased peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. GSSE co-treatment counteracted almost all garlic-induced deleterious effects. In conclusion, high garlic dose induced a pro-oxidative state characterized by the Fenton reaction between H2O2 and free iron, inducing Ca 2+ depletion, while GSSE exerted anti -oxidant properties and Ca 2+ repletion. Article Info

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Iron: The Redox-active Center of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease

Cited by 159 publications

References 78 publications

Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain

Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain

Enhanced Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt Signaling Has Pleiotropic Targets in Hippocampal Neurons Exposed to Iron-induced Oxidative Stress

Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract on high dosage garlic-induced renal oxidative stress

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