Iron fertilization of primary productivity by volcanic ash in the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Western Interior Seaway

Zeng, Zhao Lei; Pike, Madison; Tice, Michael M.; Kelly, C.; Marcantonio, Franco; Xu, Guizhen; Maulana, Ivan

doi:10.1130/g45304.1

Cited by 33 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The other application known to the authors is in unconventional shale gas samples, sometimes volcanic ash beds are found (can be mm or meters thick) and these are known to fluoresce easily under UV excitation. A well-known example are the ash beds found in the Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale of Texas, USA; studies indicate it has 55-110 volcanic ash beds and has been the topic/mentioned in multiple studies because of its impact on petroleum production (Amin et al, 2021;Lehrmann et al, 2019;Zeng et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2016;Lock, 2014) because it affects the fracture propagation that result from fracking and is easily detected/verified by fluorescence in drill core or outcrop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of cell-phone camera Raman spectrometer for geological samples identification in field or mobile situations

Dhankhar,

Wehner

2023

Preprint

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Abstract. This note demonstrates the feasibility of integrating a Raman spectrometer in a cellphone (mobile phone) using its camera for identifying common minerals in different geologic materials. The cell phone modification is low cost (∼ $50 USD) and can be constructed by individuals, thus opening up the possibilities for "democratizing" Raman spectrometry in the geosciences and make it possible for it to be used in a wide range of field conditions (i.e., core logging, field mapping, marketplace) and combined with other data types like GPS and optical photography for added value. The combination of Raman spectra with other data and the possibility to link it through Wi-Fi or cell data to a database opens new possibilities in terms of applications. It is imagined that with suitable apps or software, it could be used by anyone since the technology and spectral hardware exist to support such devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of cell-phone camera Raman spectrometer for geological samples identification in field or mobile situations

Dhankhar,

Wehner

2023

Preprint

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“…Frequent volcanic eruption may play significant role for the organic‐rich shales formation in Unit 1 of the Bawangzhuang section. Volcanic ash commonly contains high amounts of nutrient elements, such as Fe, P, and Si (Duggen et al, 2010; Zeng et al, 2018). These elements can rapidly release to the water column and become bioavailable to phytoplankton communities when the ash deposit to the water environment (Duggen et al, 2010; Frogner, Gislason, & Oskarsson, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional environment of Middle Triassic organic‐rich shales in the Ordos Basin, Northwest China

et al. 2021

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The Middle Triassic Tongchuan Formation in the Ordos Basin of northwestern China is a typical lacustrine deposit. A major component of this formation is thick layers of organic‐rich shales that are probably a potential hydrocarbon source and preserve the earliest known Mesozoic‐type lacustrine ecosystem. The exact depositional environment of the shales in the Tongchuan Formation, however, remains unknown. To address this question, we carried out high‐resolution carbon (δ13Corg) and sulphur (δ34Spy) isotope analysis as well as undertook total organic carbon (TOC)/pyrite contents and pyrite morphology investigation, and framboidal pyrite size measurements in shales of the Bawangzhuang section of the southern Ordos Basin. Remarkably high TOC (23 ± 9%) and pyrite (7 ± 3%) contents were obtained from the shales, which indicate a large amount of organic carbon and pyrite burial during shale deposition. Framboids are the dominant pyrite morphology in the pyrite crystals and show large and variable mean diameters (7.0 ± 1.7 μm to 14.3 ± 6.8 μm) across the section, indicating oxic–dysoxic bottom water during shale deposition. δ13Corg and δ34Spy revealed narrow and less variable values, ranging from −31.8‰ to −28.1‰, and −4.1‰ to 4.9‰, respectively. The δ13Corg values suggest balanced and consistent carbon cycles. Integrated with pyrite content and morphological patterns, consistent δ34Spy values probably demonstrate a relatively open environment for the formation of sedimentary pyrite, and thus a shallow chemocline that was quite close to the water‐to‐sediment interface during shale deposition. Overall, the organic‐rich shales of the Tongchuan Formation were probably deposited under oxic–dysoxic bottom‐water conditions. Shallow chemocline depth combined with moderately high sedimentation rate and high primary productivity may have played crucial roles in the deposition and formation of the organic‐rich shales in the Tongchuan Formation. The shallow chemocline also facilitates the fossil preservation in a lacustrine environment.

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“…These occurrences do not coincide with elevated St/H values, however, suggesting that whilst the overall eukaryotic community may become more dominated by prasinophytes, volcanic activity does not appear to drive increased algal productivity. In this study redox proxies do not vary significantly above bentonites, and so biogeochemical effects other than productivity-driven expansion of the OMZ (Zeng et al, 2018) must also be considered to account for the increase in prasinophytes, such as volcanic-driven water-column toxicity (e.g. Cronin et al, 2003), a change in pH (Wang et al, 2021), decreased irradiance and/or other climate/environment shifts.…”

Section: Sterane Abundance Prasinophytes and Algal Productivitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…3 -7) -indicating heightened algal presence due to prasinophyte abundance. Increased algal abundance is typically caused by high nutrient input and Forkner et al (2021) and Zeng et al (2018) postulate that episodic volcanism and associated nutrient influx drove variations in primary productivity during OAE2, as evidenced by an increase in C 28 sterane above some bentonites. An anomalously high C 28 value of 40% at above a bentonite at 19.4 m at Billings and elevated values up to 39% after Bentonite B (Fig.…”

Section: Sterane Abundance Prasinophytes and Algal Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox conditions and ecological resilience during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Western Interior Seaway

Robinson

George

Fox

et al. 2023

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Iron fertilization of primary productivity by volcanic ash in the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Western Interior Seaway

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Feasibility of cell-phone camera Raman spectrometer for geological samples identification in field or mobile situations

Feasibility of cell-phone camera Raman spectrometer for geological samples identification in field or mobile situations

Depositional environment of Middle Triassic organic‐rich shales in the Ordos Basin, Northwest China

Redox conditions and ecological resilience during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in the Western Interior Seaway

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