Iron Deficiency Associations in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Aim To evaluate the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in Russian patients with heart failure (HF).Material and methods Iron metabolism variables were studied in 498 (198 women, 300 men) patients with HF. Data were evaluated at admission for HF (97 %) or during an outpatient visit (3 %). ID was determined according to the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines.Results 83.1 % of patients had ID; only 43.5 % of patients with ID had anemia. Patients with ID were older: 70.0 [63.0;79.0] vs. 66.0 years [57.0;75.2] (p=0.009). The number of patients with ID increased in parallel with the increase in HF functional class (FC). Among patients with ID, fewer people were past or current alcohol users (p=0.002), and a greater number of patients had atrial fibrillation (60.1 vs. 45.2 %, p=0.016). A multiple logistic regression showed that more severe HF (HF FC) was associated with a higher incidence of ID detection, whereas past alcohol use was associated with less pronounced ID. An increase in N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) by 100 pg/ml was associated with an increased likelihood of ID (odds ratio, 1.006, 95 % confidence interval: 1.002–1.011, p=0.0152).Conclusion The incidence rate of HF patients is high in the Russian Federation (83.1 %). Only 43.5 % of these patients had anemia. The prevalence of ID in the study population increased with increases in HF FC and NT-proBNP.

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Iron deficiency in Russia heart failure patients. Observational cross-sectional multicenter study

Mareev

Begrambekova

Mareev

et al. 2022

Kardiologiia

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Diagnostics of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure

et al. 2023

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According to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2021 for the management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), it is necessary to take into account the iron level in the diagnosis of all patients with firstly diagnosed heart failure (HF). Also the practical recommendations indicate that the assessment of iron deficiency is also carried out in patients with already confirmed CHF, especially if the symptoms of HF persist against the background of optimal treatment of the underlying disease, which necessitates knowledge of the diagnosis of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with CHF. The aim was review literature illustrating current data about diagnostics of iron deficiency and anemia in patients with CHF. In the work 28 sources from the Web of Science database and 7 sources from the PubMed database were analyzed. Anemia is diagnosed by hemoglobin levels. As criteria for iron deficiency, two parameters are used in clinical practice – ferritin level and transferrin saturation. The mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and the mean hemoglobin content in them were not reliable markers of iron deficiency and are not recommended for assessing iron deficiency in patients with HF. Depletion of iron stores in the bone marrow is a highly specific for iron deficiency, as it is not affected by inflammation and therefore the test for iron stores in the bone marrow is the gold standard for diagnosis, however its use in clinical practice is limited due to invasiveness and high cost. Diagnostic markers such as levels of hepsidin, dissolved transferrin receptor and ferritin index have low availability in laboratories. Since timely diagnosis followed by treatment of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with CHF impoves the quality of life of patients, therefore, increasing the diagnostic value of tests to identify iron deficiency remains a question for active research.

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Iron Deficiency Associations in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Abstract: Iron deficiency is a frequent comorbid condition in patients with chronic heart failure. At the same time, the factors contributing to iron deficiency in these patients are poorly understood.

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Iron deficiency in Russia heart failure patients. Observational cross-sectional multicenter study

Iron deficiency in Russia heart failure patients. Observational cross-sectional multicenter study

Diagnostics of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure

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