Iron Deficiency and Neuroendocrine Regulators of Basal Metabolism, Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Rats

Moreno‐Fernández, Jorge; Díaz-Castro, Javier; Alférez, María José Muñoz; López-Áliaga, Inmaculada

doi:10.3390/nu11030631

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…IDA leads to diminished central dopaminergic transmission and receptor trafficking, with the D2 receptor particularly affected [24]. Other evidence of biochemical abnormalities during IDA include decreased concentrations of thyroid hormones, as we have previously reported [25], increasing the levels of circulating catecholamines. This involves beta adrenergic receptors and affects the availability of glucose, impairing synaptic plasticity and changes in dendritic structure that lead to a loss of neurons [26], indicating that IDA can alter neurotransmitter metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

et al. 2019

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Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Iron plays critical roles in nervous system development and cognition. Despite the known detrimental consequences of IDA on cognition, available studies do not provide molecular mechanisms elucidating the role of iron in brain functions during iron deficiency and recovery with dairy components. In this study, 100 male Wistar rats were placed on a pre-experimental period of 40 days and randomly divided in two groups: a control group receiving a normal-Fe diet, (45 mg/kg), and an Fe-deficient group receiving a low-Fe diet (5 mg/kg). At day 40, 10 rats per group were sacrificed to anemia control, and 80 rats were divided into eight experimental groups fed with fermented goat or cow milk-based diets, with normal Fe content or Fe overload (450 mg/kg) for 30 days. IDA decreased most of the parameters related to brain molecular functions, namely dopamine, irisin, MAO-A, oxytocin, β-endorphin, and α-MSH, while it increased synaptophysin. These alterations result in an impairment of brain molecular functions. In general, during anemia recovery, fermented goat milk diet consumption increased dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin, synaptophysin, and α-MSH, and decreased MAO-A and MAO-B, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect in brain functions, which could enhance brain molecular functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

et al. 2019

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“…Anemia reduced body weight in the PEP, due to the impairment of hematological parameters and the depletion of the hepatic iron levels. These negatively affect the weight gain of animals during the growing period, since the hypoxia induced by the lack of iron limits ATP production and decreases levels of thyroid hormones and ghrelin, inducing cachexia and leading to reductions of lean mass [13]. In a previous study, we reported that serum total bilirubin was increased in hepatocellular damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In that study, bilirubin was increased and AST and ALT activities were also found elevated in IDA. The increase of transaminase release into the bloodstream could be due to the impairment of the hepatic function induced by the iron deficiency [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Fermented Goat Milk on Liver Gene and Protein Profiles Related to Iron Metabolism during Anemia Recovery

et al. 2020

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Despite the crucial role of the liver as the central regulator of iron homeostasis, no studies have directly tested the modulation of liver gene and protein expression patterns during iron deficiency instauration and recovery with fermented milks. Fermented goat milk consumption improves the key proteins of intestinal iron metabolism during iron deficiency recovery, enhancing the digestive and metabolic utilization of iron. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of fermented goat or cow milk consumption on liver iron homeostasis during iron-deficiency anemia recovery with normal or iron-overload diets. Analysis included iron status biomarkers, gene and protein expression in hepatocytes. In general, fermented goat milk consumption either with normal or high iron content up-regulated liver DMT1, FPN1 and FTL1 gene expression and DMT1 and FPN1 protein expression. However, HAMP mRNA expression was lower in all groups of animals fed fermented goat milk. Additionally, hepcidin protein expression decreased in control and anemic animals fed fermented goat milk with normal iron content. In conclusion, fermented goat milk potentiates the up-regulation of key genes coding for proteins involved in iron metabolism, such as DMT1, and FPN1, FTL1 and down-regulation of HAMP, playing a key role in enhanced iron repletion during anemia recovery, inducing a physiological adaptation of the liver key genes and proteins coordinated with the fluctuation of the cellular iron levels, favoring whole-body iron homeostasis.

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“…может измениться контроль центральной нервной системы над метаболизмом ЩЖ [17,18]; может нарушаться связывание ядерного трийодтиронина [19].…”

Section: введение и анализ литературных данныхunclassified

Associative relations between hypofunction of the thyroid gland of various origins and iron deficiency anemia

Гончарова

2020

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Background. Anemia is one of the thyroid deficiency manifestations, more often iron deficiency. The combination of hypothyroidism and anemia is an additional factor complicating the life quality of patients and requiring of adequate preventive measures.Purpose of the study was to establish the peculiarities of iron deficiency anemia in women with hypothyroidism that arose against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) or after surgical treatment of nodular nontoxic goiter (NNG).Materials and methods. Thyroid status was assessed in 40 women with anemia on the background of hypothyroidism due to AIT (n = 28) and after surgery for NNG (n = 12) by the level of thyroid stimulating hormone and bound tetraiodothyronine, antibodies to thyroperoxidase. Anemia and its severity were determined by the blood hemoglobin level, number of red blood cells and color indicator.Study results. Level of thyroid stimulating hormone was increased in women of both groups on the background of levothyroxine in an individually selected dose, and it was significantly higher in group with postoperative hypothyroidism. Level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase testified to the pronounced activity of antithyroid immunity in the group with AIT. Hemoglobin level in both groups ranged from 92 to 116 g/l, which according to WHO criteria corresponded to mild anemia. It was significantly lower than with postoperative hypothyroidism against the background of AIT, despite the best compensation for hypothyroidism. Color index in both groups was reduced, that is typical for hypochromic anemia, which includes iron deficiency anemia.Conclusions. Effectiveness of levothyroxine treatment in individually selected doses in women with a combination of hypothyroidism and anemic syndrome is higher at autoimmune thyroid pathology than after surgery for NNG. Active autoimmune process in women with hypothyroidism on the background of AIT is associated with more manifest anemia than in women with postoperative hypothyroidism as a result of NNG.

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Iron Deficiency and Neuroendocrine Regulators of Basal Metabolism, Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery

Role of Fermented Goat Milk on Liver Gene and Protein Profiles Related to Iron Metabolism during Anemia Recovery

Associative relations between hypofunction of the thyroid gland of various origins and iron deficiency anemia

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