Iron deficiency and iron overload in Swedish male adolescents

Olsson, K. Sigvard; Marsell, Richard; Ritter, B.; Olander, Bodil; Åkerblom, Axel; Östergård, H.; Larsson, Olivia

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1995.tb01160.x

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Using a study design similar to ours, Olsson et al [9] reported a 0-5% prevalence of anemia and .17% prevalence of iron deficiency in male Swedish military recruits. The authors attributed the low rate of anemia to the highly iron-fortified Swedish diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Incidence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Strenuously Trained Adolescents: Results of a Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

Merkel

Huerta

Grotto

et al. 2009

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Incidence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Strenuously Trained Adolescents: Results of a Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

Merkel

Huerta

Grotto

et al. 2009

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…In epidemiological studies of iron status it appears relevant to define and include those subjects having small and nearly depleted iron stores into the iron deficiency risk group. However, in the clinical setting, in order to substantiate overt iron deficiency with iron deficiency anemia, the data presented by Olsson et al [13] are in favor of a critical value of 12 mg/l. In the present study the critical Amersham RIA serum ferritin values used corresponded to WHO ferritin standard values of 12, 15, and 30 mg/l [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…However, there is some debate about which serum ferritin level should be used as the cut-off value for absent iron stores and imminent or overt iron deficiency [11]. Cook and Skikne [12] and Olsson et al [13] advocate a critical value of 12 mg/l, while Bergström et al [14] argue that the critical value in fertile women should be set at an even lower level. Milman et al [9] and Worwood [15] advocate a cut-off value of 15 mg/l, Hallberg et al [16] a value of 16 mg/l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Iron status in 268 Danish women aged 18-30 years: influence of menstruation, contraceptive method, and iron supplementation

Milman

Clausen

Byg

1998

Annals of Hematology

125

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of menstruation, method of contraception, and iron supplementation on iron status in young Danish women, and to assess whether iron deficiency could be predicted from the pattern of menstruation. Iron status was examined by measuring serum (S-) ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb) in 268 randomly selected, healthy, menstruating, nonpregnant Danish women aged 18-30 years. Iron deficiency (S-ferritin <16 microg/l) was observed in 9.7%, of the women, iron deficiency anemia (S-ferritin < 13 microg/l and Hb < 121 g/l) in 2.2%. Iron supplementation, predominantly as vitamin-mineral tablets containing 14-20 mg of ferrous iron was used by 35.1%. The median serum ferritin was similar in non-iron users and in iron users, whereas the prevalence of iron deficiency was 12.6% in nonusers vs. 4.3% in users, the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia 3.4% in nonusers vs. 0%, in users (p=0.17) In non-iron-supplemented women, S-ferritin levels were inversely correlated with the duration of menstrual bleeding (rs= -0.25, p<0.001) and with the women's assessment of the intensity of menstrual bleeding (r(s)= -0.27, p<0.001), whereas no such correlations were found in iron-supplemented women. The results demonstrate that even moderate daily doses of ferrous iron can influence iron status in women with small iron stores. Women using hormonal contraceptives had menstrual bleeding of significantly shorter duration than those using intrauterine devices (IUD) or other methods. There was a high prevalence of small and absent body iron stores in young women, suggesting that preventive measures should be focused on those women whose menstruation lasts 5 days or longer, who have menstrual bleeding of strong intensity, who use an IUD without gestagen, and who are blood donors.

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“…However, there is an increase in the prevalence of high ferritin values above 300 mg/l with age [4], and in men the problems associated with iron overload have attracted much attention during recent years. In Sweden, Olsson et al [8] reported a prevalence of genetic hemochromatosis of 0.4%, which means that 13% of the population are heterozygotic carriers of the hemochromatosis allele. In women, serum ferritin levels remain low from adolescence (menarche) to the menopause [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between serum ferritin, alcohol intake, and social status in 2235 Danish men and women

Milman

Kirchhoff

1996

Annals of Hematology

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The objective was to examine the relationships between serum ferritin, alcohol intake, and socioeconomic factors (school education, occupational education, occupation, income, marital status, cohabitation status, housing, social class) in a population survey performed in Copenhagen County during 1982-1984. The participants were selected at random from the census register and comprised 2235 healthy Danish individuals, non-blood donors (1044 men, 1191 women) in cohorts being 30, 40, 50, and 60 years old. The participants gave a detailed social and medical history and had a clinical examination including blood samples. In all age-groups, men had significantly higher serum ferritin and alcohol intake than women. In men, there was no relationship between serum ferritin and social class. Significant relationships were observed between ferritin and occupation (unemployed and self-employed men had higher ferritin than those with other occupations) and ferritin and income (in younger men, ferritin displayed a steady increase with income). None of the social variables were related to the prevalence of iron deficiency or iron overload. Alcohol intake was related to occupation and income, but not to social class. In women, none of the social variables showed any significant relationship to ferritin levels or iron overload. The prevalence of small iron stores (serum ferritin < or = 30 micrograms/l) was lower and the intake of alcohol was higher in women from high social classes. In both men and women, serum ferritin displayed highly significant positive correlations with alcohol intake. Likewise, the prevalence of iron overload (serum ferritin > 90th percentile) was closely correlated to alcohol intake. In conclusion, socioeconomic factors per se had a minor influence on serum ferritin levels and iron status in Danes. The distinct association between alcohol intake and serum ferritin levels should be considered in future iron status surveys.

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Iron deficiency and iron overload in Swedish male adolescents

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Incidence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Strenuously Trained Adolescents: Results of a Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

Incidence of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Strenuously Trained Adolescents: Results of a Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

Iron status in 268 Danish women aged 18-30 years: influence of menstruation, contraceptive method, and iron supplementation

Relationship between serum ferritin, alcohol intake, and social status in 2235 Danish men and women

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