Iris photo-identification: A new methodology for the individual recognition of Tarentola geckos

Rocha, Ricardo; Carrilho, Tiago; Rebelo, Rui

doi:10.1163/15685381-00002918

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…However, even in these conditions, parallax effects of taking photographs at wide horizontal angles (>30°) to the subject can still be problematic for the automated matching process (Speed et al 2007;Hartog and Reijns 2014). The greater the horizontal angle of deviation from 0°(perpendicular to the subject), the higher the likelihood of a low scoring match (Speed et al 2007;Rocha et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For smaller taxa (<500 g), parallax effects are likely to be exacerbated because of the comparatively small body areas being photographed. Most studies of smaller-sized fauna have controlled for the parallax problem by capturing the animal and manipulating it into a fixed position relative to the camera, photographing either in-hand or using a holding pen (Bradfield 2004;Frisch and Hobbs 2007;Sacchi et al 2007;Hachtel et al 2009;Kenyon et al 2009;Knox et al 2013;Rocha et al 2013;Drechsler et al 2015). This reintroduces the potential stress that the noninvasive technique is supposed to avoid, and involves a large effort to capture the animal for photography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photographic identification of individuals of a free‐ranging, small terrestrial vertebrate

Treilibs

Pavey

Hutchinson

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Recognition of individuals within an animal population is central to a range of estimates about population structure and dynamics. However, traditional methods of distinguishing individuals, by some form of physical marking, often rely on capture and handling which may affect aspects of normal behavior. Photographic identification has been used as a less‐invasive alternative, but limitations in both manual and computer‐automated recognition of individuals are particularly problematic for smaller taxa (<500 g). In this study, we explored the use of photographic identification for individuals of a free‐ranging, small terrestrial reptile using (a) independent observers, and (b) automated matching with the Interactive Individual Identification System (I3S Pattern) computer algorithm. We tested the technique on individuals of an Australian skink in the Egernia group, Slater's skink Liopholis slateri, whose natural history and varied scale markings make it a potentially suitable candidate for photo‐identification. From ‘photographic captures’ of skink head profiles, we designed a multi‐choice key based on alternate character states and tested the abilities of observers — with or without experience in wildlife survey — to identify individuals using categorized test photos. We also used the I3S Pattern algorithm to match the same set of test photos against a database of 30 individuals. Experienced observers identified a significantly higher proportion of photos correctly (74%) than those with no experience (63%) while the I3S software correctly matched 67% as the first ranked match and 83% of images in the top five ranks. This study is one of the first to investigate photo identification with a free‐ranging small vertebrate. The method demonstrated here has the potential to be applied to the developing field of camera‐traps for wildlife survey and thus a wide range of survey and monitoring applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photographic identification of individuals of a free‐ranging, small terrestrial vertebrate

Treilibs

Pavey

Hutchinson

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…However, we urge that all necessary precautions must be taken to increase picture quality and reduce misidentification of individuals. The use of automatic recognition using standardised scoring softwares may speed up identification (Speed et al 2007;Rocha et al 2013;Bradley and Eason 2018), but its applicability on Hydromantes still needs to be tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, photographic recognition also has some limitations. First, this method only works well for species that have a defined pattern but its application is challenging in species having uniform colouration (Carafa and Biondi 2004;Martin-Smith 2011;Rocha et al 2013;Carpentier et al 2016). In addition, it does not allow monitoring the development of young individuals into adults in species where the pattern changes during ontogenesis (Lanza et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the stability of the dorsal pattern of European cave salamanders (genus Hydromantes)

Lunghi¹,

Romeo²,

Mulargia³

et al. 2019

Herpetozoa

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Photographic identification is an emerging method for recognising wild animals. This harmless methodology allows researchers to identify "naturally marked" individuals and therefore study their specific ecology and behaviour. However, before incurring potential data loss, it is recommended to test the methodology on the target species and evaluate the pros and cons. We assessed the reliability of photographic identification in adult Hydromantes salamanders from three species. Specifically, we assessed whether the dorsal pattern of adult salamanders changed over time, thus evaluating its potential use as a reliable marking methodology. We used capture-mark-recapture and controlled conditions (i.e. individuals kept in fauna boxes) to evaluate potential changes in the dorsal pattern of Hydromantes through time. We did not observe any change in the dorsal pattern in the three species during the study period. Photographic identification might be a useful marking technique for these endangered species. However, these animals are usually found in environments generally lacking light and thus, researchers must be careful in setting up proper light conditions to produce suitable pictures for individual identification of Hydromantes.

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“…The I 3 S program has been shown to match images successfully 95% (Rocha et al, 2013) and 83% (Speed et al, 2007) of the time as compared to images matched by-eye, and Rocha et al (2013) found this method to be significantly faster than by visual comparison. These studies controlled for postural positioning and other effects, such as glare, flight behavior, and availability of body surface, which increases the success of I 3 S.…”

Section: S-s-a Critical Assumption When Using Pattern-recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The population ecology and behavior of the cave salamander, Eurycea lucifuga (Rafinesque, 1822).

Bradley¹

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Svend Bentsen for producing historical documents of Sauerkraut Cave. I thank Allen Pursell and Mike Everidge of The Nature Conservancy for their time in showing and granting me access to study sites in Indiana. I thank Gary Roberson and the staff at Indiana Caverns for their friendliness, accommodation, and willingness to allow me to explore research opportunities. I would like to recognize Ken Bailey for his time and efforts in the field as well, and for introducing me to many Kentucky caves. I had an amazing group of undergraduates that assisted me with data collection. I am indebted to Paige Wilson and Danica Shepherd for their efforts and long-term dedication to this project. I much appreciate Faith Bowers for taking on the reigns after Paige and Danica moved on. I thank Logan Stone, Nick Callahan, and Will Seibt for their extended efforts. Emily Petri and Isaac Kaufman came on in the closing months of this v project, and I am grateful for their help in the field and the lab. For any of those I have failed to mention, know you are appreciated. Many fellow graduate students helped me in various ways during this process. I thank Dr. Benjamin Adams, Dr. Evan Gora, and Lindsay Nason for statistical guidance.

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Iris photo-identification: A new methodology for the individual recognition of Tarentola geckos

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Photographic identification of individuals of a free‐ranging, small terrestrial vertebrate

Photographic identification of individuals of a free‐ranging, small terrestrial vertebrate

On the stability of the dorsal pattern of European cave salamanders (genus Hydromantes)

The population ecology and behavior of the cave salamander, Eurycea lucifuga (Rafinesque, 1822).

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