“…However, our work did not focus on intercellular Ca 2+ in autophagy or the associated signaling pathways. An abundance of data indicates that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK1/2 and β-catenin signaling pathways are closely related to proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy [70] , [71] , [72] . In addition, extensive studies have reported that accumulating ROS inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK1/2 and β-catenin pathways, leading to autophagy and apoptosis [36] , [37] , [73] .…”