“…Ti, Zr, or Hf, in particular, have been the subject of many experimental and theoretical investigations. Since the MX 4 compounds where M = Ti, Zr or Hf, and X = F, C1, Br or I are d o systems, the role of the 3d, 4d, 5d and 6s orbitals of Hf are of interest (Hillier and Kendrick 1976;Egdell and Orchard 1978;Tossell 1979;Lohr et al 1980;Pyykko et al 1981;Tse 1981;Veal et al 1988;Subramanian et al 1991Subramanian et al , 1993aSubramanian and Ramasami 1995). The sensitivity of the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) energy gap to the relativistic corrections has been studied.…”