Ionic polymer metal composites actuators with enhanced driving performance by incorporating graphene quantum dots

Review on the use of impedance spectroscopy for IPMC-like devices: application, models, and a new approach to data treatment

“…Nafion/Ppy-CB-MWCNT 74 Actuator 74,89,[146][147][148][149][150][151]153,155 H + , 149,150 Na + 75 Nafion/AuNP-PAH 75 Sensoring 75,105,106,152 Li + 74,89,105,106,147,148,151-153,155 Nafion-TiO 2 /Pt 89 Transducer 145 EMIM 105,106 Nafion/RuO 2 -EMI-TF 105,106 EMI-TF/Li + 145 Nafion/RuO 2 145 EMI + 146 Nafion/carbon-LI 146 Nafion/CNT/Pd 147,148 Nafion/GO/Pt 149 MCNTs-Nafion/Pt 150 Nafion/Pt-EGaIn 151 Nafion/Pt (engineered) 152 Nafion/Pt-PVP@AgNPs 153 Nafion/Ppy-Pt 155 Nonconventional PVDF-PVP-PSSA/Pt 73 Actuator 73,84,85,102,128,154,156,[158][159][160][161][162][163] H + 73,84,102,128,154,156,158,161-163 Flemion/Au 132 Sensoring 132 Li + 73,132,157 PVA/rGO-PANI …”

“…Even in the most recent works, using EIS to calculate IPMC ionic conductivity is common. No further information is given throughout the data obtained independently if the application is an actuator [96][97][98][99][100][101][102] or an energy harvesting device. 103 Thus, in the following sections, we will present some other features for IPMC devices using EIS.…”

“…Electrode 34 Device characterization 53 Capacitance 73 Modeling 211 Ionic conductivity 84,160 Device performance Ionic conductivity 102,128,129,131,150,[161][162][163] Materials Advances Review Thus, starting from the definition of the transmission line models, it is easy to use this approach to model these ionomer channels. As both models about ionomeric polymers point out, there are two types of channels: the channels themselves and the microchannels that connect them.…”

“…Actuator73,84,85,102,128,154,156,[158][159][160][161][162][163] H+ 73,84,102,128,154,156,158,161-163 Flemion/Au132 …”

Dynamic braille display based on surface-structured PVC gel

“…shape memory materials [16][17][18][19][20], etc. However, electromagnetic actuators, pneumatic actuators, and microliter combustion actuators have heavy systems and bulky volumes, which are not conducive to improving the resolution of braille; the piezoelectric actuators and PVDF have relatively small tactile displacement outputs, which limits the readability of braille; IPMC has a short working time in air [21,22]; the driving voltage of the dielectric elastomer is high (several kilovolts), endangering the safety of operators [23][24][25][26][27]; the response speed of shape memory materials is slow [28][29][30]. Hence, novel actuators need to be proposed to solve the above problems.…”