Ionic liquids as selective extractants and ion carriers of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions utilized in extraction and membrane separation

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This paper analyzes the applications of various ionic liquids (ILs) as metal ion carriers and extractants utilized for the separation of metal cations from aqueous solutions. Subsequently, an up-to-date review of the use of ILs in polymer inclusion membranes is presented. ILs represent a promising group of extractants and ion carriers of metal ions in extraction and membrane separation processes. The removal of heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions using ILs indicates an extensive and promising research area. It is expected that the role of ILs will gradually increase as the worldwide implementation of separation methods in recovery of metal ions from various aqueous solutions is growing quickly.</jats:p>

Distribution Equilibria of Amphoteric 8-Quinolinol between 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and Aqueous Phases and Their Effect on Ionic Liquid Chelate Extraction Behavior of Iron(III)

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Among several approaches, ionic liquid chelate extraction using Brønsted acidic chelators as extraction reagents 20,21 is interesting because a change in the aqueousphase pH results in changing the extraction performance.…”

Synthesis of amphiphilic block copolyamines via click reaction

“…Some of the extractants used for the removal metal ions from aqueous solutions include ionic liquid, [44,45] small organic molecules, either in free form [46,47] or immobilized on polymeric surfaces [48,49] and functional polymers bearing ligands for metal complexation [50]. In comparison to the solid-liquid extractions this method has advantage of utilizing larger surface of the adsorbents for extractions and the process is proven to be useful in extracting several metal ions.…”

Characterization of polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) containing phosphonium ionic liquids and their application for separation of Zn(II) from Fe(III)

“…Some authors proposed ionic liquids (ILs), e.g. methyltrioctylammonium or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium salts, as metal ion carriers in PIMs . The interest in application of ILs for separation processes has been increasing recently because ILs exhibit many unique properties such as high thermal stability, non‐flammability and extractability for different organic and inorganic compounds.…”

“…methyltrioctylammonium or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium salts, as metal ion carriers in PIMs. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The interest in application of ILs for separation processes has been increasing recently because ILs exhibit many unique properties such as high thermal stability, non-flammability and extractability for different organic and inorganic compounds. It is noteworthy that ILs are considered environment friendly as well as low toxic green solvents.…”