Ionic liquids: A New Route for the Design of Epoxy Networks

Nguyen, Tinh; Livi, Sébastien; Soares, Bluma G.; Pruvost, Sébastien; Duchet‐Rumeau, Jannick; Gérard, Jean‐François

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00953

Cited by 60 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Epoxy resins can be cured with a wide range of hardeners including amines, anhydrides, polyamide, mercaptan, imidazole, and so forth . Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) appeared as promising candidates for the curing process of epoxies due to their latency characteristics associated with the good thermal and mechanical properties of the corresponding networked materials . The curing process involving imidazolium‐based ILs with different anion types has been studied by several workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy/imidazolium‐based ionic liquid systems: The effect of the hardener on the curing behavior, thermal stability, and microwave absorbing properties

Carvalho

Santos

Soares

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new transparent microwave absorbing coating was developed by compounding 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmim.BF 4 ) ionic liquid (IL) with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A-type epoxy resin. The systems were crosslinked with the IL alone or combined with conventional hardeners, as anhydride or aromatic amine. The curing behavior was investigated by thermal and spectroscopic analysis performed at high temperatures. Neat bmim.BF 4 was able to cure epoxy resin, giving rise to networks with outstanding thermal stability compared with the systems cured with anhydride or aromatic amine. bmim.BF 4 accelerated the curing process in the presence of aromatic amine but retarded this event when anhydride was used as an external curing agent. The glass-transition temperature evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis decreased when the amount of IL increased, which can be attributed to side reactions during the curing process, as well as the plasticizing effect of IL. The epoxy networks cured with bmim.BF 4 alone or in combination with anhydride or aromatic amine were transparent and presented considerable microwave absorbing properties in the X-band frequency range (8-12 GHz), being the best performance observed for the systems cured with bmim.BF4/anhydride curing system, with reflection loss value around −16 dB at 11.3 GHz.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy/imidazolium‐based ionic liquid systems: The effect of the hardener on the curing behavior, thermal stability, and microwave absorbing properties

Carvalho

Santos

Soares

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The usefulness of ionic liquid as a crosslinking agent is possible either by mixing alone with epoxy resin or in ratios with any other conventional curing agents [12,13]. Such crosslinking is possible without compromising the thermal stability, hydrophobicity, and thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin [14][15][16][17]. Nguyen et al [17] investigated the influence of phosphonium based ionic liquids combined with phosphonate, carboxylate, and phosphate counter anions as a new route for the design of epoxy resin networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such crosslinking is possible without compromising the thermal stability, hydrophobicity, and thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin [14][15][16][17]. Nguyen et al [17] investigated the influence of phosphonium based ionic liquids combined with phosphonate, carboxylate, and phosphate counter anions as a new route for the design of epoxy resin networks. The studies have shown that the addition of a small amount of ionic liquid (10, 20, and 30 phr) leads to the formation of networks with improvement in thermal, mechanical (flexural strength and fracture toughness) and hydrophobic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated weathering studies of bioepoxy/ionic liquid blends: influence on physical, thermo-mechanical, morphology and surface properties

Pulikkalparambil

Krishnasamy

Radoor

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Ionic liquids are promising candidates with huge potential in combination with thermosetting polymers. However, the behavior of ionic liquid modified epoxy system towards outdoor environmental conditions are seldom reported. Therefore, it is interesting to study the effect of accelerated weathering on ionic liquid modified bioepoxy blends. In this work, bio-based epoxy resin and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIM[Cl]) ionic liquid blends were prepared by melt mixing method. The concentration of ionic liquid used was 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 phr. The miscibility, morphology, thermo-mechanical, and surface hydrophilicity of the ionic liquid modified bioepoxy blends were studied before and after the accelerated weathering test. The miscibility of the blends was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR results demonstrate the presence of charge transfer complexation reaction between ionic liquid and bioepoxy resin. The tensile strength and modulus were reduced while the elongation at break is increased with the addition of ionic liquid. On the other hand, the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the bioepoxy blends were reduced with the addition of ionic liquid. The contact angle value increases with the incorporation of up to 10 phr ionic liquid, this is followed by a decrease. The interaction between the ionic liquid and bioepoxy resin has vanished after the weathering test. The elongation at break was reduced dramatically after the weathering test, especially for 20 and 30 phr blends. The thermal stability of the weathered samples is similar to that of the samples before weathering. While the T g values of the blends are stable with respect to neat bioepoxy resin. On the other hand, the contact angle value of the bioepoxy blends increased after the weathering test due to the increased surface roughness after weathering.

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“…As in many other scientific and technological fields, it can be said that ionic liquids (ILs) are making a deep impact in the development of new thermoset polymers, with special emphasis on epoxy resin materials [1,2]. Epoxy resins modified by the addition of ILs are the object of wide interest for their improved properties and potential applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy resin coatings modified by ionic liquid. Study of abrasion resistance

Avilés¹,

Saurín²,

Carrión³

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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In the present study, an epoxy resin coating containing a uniformly dispersed 9 wt% of the ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EP+9%[OMIM]BF 4 ) has been applied by spin coating on a neat epoxy substrate, and its abrasion resistance under multiple scratch has been compared with that of neat epoxy coating. EP+9%[OMIM]BF 4 presents the lowest surface damage after 15 successive scratches. The ionic liquid-modified coating reduces instantaneous penetration depth in a 13% and residual depth in a 22% with respect to EP, and increases viscoelastic recovery (after 30 seconds) in a 7.6%. The lubricating effect of the ionic liquid reduces the coefficient of friction up to the tenth scratch number. EP and EP+9%[OMIM]BF 4 have also been obtained in the form of spin-coated films with similar visual transparency. Dynamic-mechanical characterization of the films under a tensile configuration confirms that the addition of the ionic liquid increases the ductility and reduces the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin.

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Ionic liquids: A New Route for the Design of Epoxy Networks

Cited by 60 publications

References 83 publications

Epoxy/imidazolium‐based ionic liquid systems: The effect of the hardener on the curing behavior, thermal stability, and microwave absorbing properties

Epoxy/imidazolium‐based ionic liquid systems: The effect of the hardener on the curing behavior, thermal stability, and microwave absorbing properties

Accelerated weathering studies of bioepoxy/ionic liquid blends: influence on physical, thermo-mechanical, morphology and surface properties

Epoxy resin coatings modified by ionic liquid. Study of abrasion resistance

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