Ionic Charge Storage in Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Redox-Active Conjugated Polymers

Abstract

Redox-active conjugated polymers are an emerging class of organic charge storage materials for lithium-ion batteries. The electron conducting conjugated backbone linking the localized redox moieties enables fast electron transfer kinetics. Polymers with redox moieties that have fast redox kinetics and high redox potentials with respect to Li + /Li while being stable under electrochemical environments are ideal for energy storage applications. In this work, we propose diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as a suitable redox moiety for realizing redox-active conjugated polymer-based Li-ion cathodes. Li-ion batteries using DPP-based polymers proposed in this work show stable cycling up to 1000 cycles, a high rate performance with ∼70% capacity retention at a C-rate of 500 C, and reasonably high potentials of ∼2.2 V vs Li + /Li. We also demonstrate that these polymers could potentially find applications as cathode materials in other ion insertion batteries such as, for example, Na-ion batteries. The results of our work set an encouraging precedent for designing versatile, high energy density, and long-life charge storage materials based on DPP-based redox-active conjugated polymers.

On the energy gap determination of organic optoelectronic materials: the case of porphyrin derivatives

“…For a couple of decades, organic semiconductors (OS) have been extensively investigated as candidate materials for optoelectronic devices such as field-effect transistors (OFETs) [1][2][3][4] , light-emitting devices (OLEDs) [5][6][7][8][9][10] , photovoltaics (OPVs) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and more recently for solar-fuel production [18][19][20][21][22][23] and energy storage such as Lithium-ion batteries (LIB). [24][25][26][27][28][29] OS are very appealing thanks to several intrinsic characteristics of organic materials viz. processability from solution, mechanical flexibility enabling integration to curved or flexible substrates, easy functionalization leading to the possibility to fine-tune their optoelectronic properties.…”

The effect of the donor moiety of DPP based polymers on the performance of organic electrochemical transistors

“…McCulloch et al have recently reported three donor-acceptor (D-A) type glycolated TDPPs and highlighted the relationship between the polaron delocalization and the OECT mobility. One of these DPP polymers had a high mC* of about 300 F cm À1 V À1 s À1 but a high threshold voltage of 0.52 V. [37][38][39][40][41] Thienylenevinylene (TVT) and thiophene-benzothiadiazole-thiophene (TBTT) are two popular electron-donating units used to form D-A type polymers with high charge-carrier mobilities in OFETs. [42][43][44] Incorporating the highly p-extended TVT and TBTT units in the main chain with DPP promotes intermolecular p-p stacking.…”

Conducting polymers with redox active pendant groups: their application progress as organic electrode materials for rechargeable batteries

“…Samuel et al 117 developed two donor-acceptor polymers, each with a conjugated backbone made up of repeating units containing diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and thiophene (T) groups. The Li anode and 1 M LiClO 4 in 1 : 1 (v/v) DOL/DME as the electrolyte were applied in this work.…”