Ion stopping in dense plasmas: A basic physics approach

Abstract

We survey quite extensively the present research status of ion-stopping in dense plasmas of potential importance for initial confinement fusion (ICF) driven by intense and heavy ion beams, and also for warm dense matter (WDM). First, we put emphasis on every possible mechanism involved in the shaping of the ion projectile effective charge, while losing energy in a target plasma with classical ions and partially degenerate electrons. Then, we switch to ion stopping by target bound electrons, taking detailed account of mean excitation energies. Free electron stopping has already been given a lot of attention in former works [C. Deutsch et al., Recent Res. Devel. Plasma 1 (2000) 1–23; Open Plasma Phys. J. 3 (2010) 88–115]. Then, we extend the usual standard stopping model (SSM) framework to nonlinear stopping including a treatment of the Z3 Barkas effect and a confronting comparison of Bloch and Bohr Coulomb logarithms. Finally, we document low velocity ion slowing down (LVISD) in single ion plasmas as well as in binary ionic mixtures (BIM), in connection with specific ICF fuels.

Observation of a high degree of stopping for laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter

“…This kind of experimental scenario allows for precise measurement of intense proton beam stopping in dense ionized matter. We observed that the energy loss is enhanced by one order of magnitude in comparison to the predictions from individualproton stopping theories, Bethe-Bloch 28,29 , Li-Petrasso (LP) 26 , standard stopping model (SSM) 32 . Through PIC simulation, we attribute the high degree of enhancement to a strong decelerating electric field induced by the intense proton beam.…”

“…Since the discovery of alpha decay and the availability of energetic fission fragments, it became interesting to study fast particle stopping processes in matter [20][21][22][23][24][25] . In past decades, numerous theoretical models [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] , some of which can be considered to be further developments of the early work of Bethe 28 and Bloch 29 , are built to describe individual charged particle stopping in dense ionized matter. Only recently experiments with sufficient precision were carried out with dense ionzied matter to distinguish between different models 25,[33][34][35] .…”

Neutralization dynamics of slow highly charged ions passing through graphene nanoflakes: An embedding self‐energy approach

“…The interaction of heavy charged particles with matter is of importance in various fields of physics. While fundamental work dates back to the scattering and stopping of fission fragments, [1] renewed interest is due to progress in (cosmic) high-energy and fusion physics using accelerators and detectors, for example, References 2, 3, due to ion stopping in dense plasmas [4] and due to advances in material science and technology. Concerning the latter, particularly ion beams are nowadays frequently used in the fabrication and control of microelectronic devices, [5] in mass spectrometers [6,7] and in radiation diagnostics and therapy.…”

Accelerator‐driven high‐energy‐density physics: Status and chances

“…In the high compression regime, we have to deal with degenerate matter. Energy loss of charged particles in degenerate matter is practically unexplored . An alternative to intense laser beams is intense, high‐energy, heavy ion beams.…”

“…Energy loss of charged particles in degenerate matter is practically unexplored. [13] An alternative to intense laser beams is intense, high-energy, heavy ion beams. They can be produced efficiently, with a conversion efficiency of electric power to kinetic energy of more than 20%.…”