Observation of a high degree of stopping for laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter

Ren, Jin; Deng, Zhigang; Qi, Weizhi; Chen, Benzheng; Ma, Binze; Wang, Xing; Yin, Shi; Feng, Jianmei; Liu, Wei; Xu, Zhen; Hoffmann, D. H. H.; Wang, Shaoyi; Fan, Qunchao; Cui, Bo; He, Simin; Cao, Zhurong; Zhao, Ziqi; Cao, Leifeng; Gu, Yuqiu; Zhu, Shaoping; Cheng, Rui; Xia, Zhou; Xiao, Guoqing; Hongwei, Zhao; Zhang, Yihang; Zhang, Zhe; Li, Yutong; Wu, Dong; Zhou, Weimin; Zhao, Yongtao

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18986-5

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…For the 8 GeV Pb+ ion, the stopping range is ~500-700μm in metal target materials. If heavy ion particle energy can be reduced significantly or correlation effect on cluster ion stopping power is enhanced [87][88][89][90]129], HIB ion stopping range would be shortened. In this case, it may be expected to increase the target material temperature and the radiation temperature, and the radiation energy would dominate the energy transfer in the target energy absorbing layer and in the implosion phase.…”

Section: Energy Release In Heavy Ion Inertial Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-drive heavy ion beam inertial confinement fusion: a review, toward our future energy source

Kawata

2021

Advances in Physics: X

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Direct-drive heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (ICF), or HIF would be a promising future energy source for society. Particle accelerators produce HIBs with precise particle energies, pulse lengths and pulse shapes with high energy efficiencies of ~30-40%. Higher energy driver efficiency means that a lower fusion energy output is required to construct a HIF power station to supply ~1 GW of electricity. A HIF power station could use about 4 to 5 MJ of HIB energy per shot at a shot rate of ~10 Hz. This review is focused on the direct-drive scheme in HIF. In directdrive fuel target HIBs deposit their energy into a shell surrounded by a denser tamping outer layer. The DT (Deuterium-Tritium) fusion fuel, with a total mass of several mg, must be compressed to about one thousand times solid density to reduce the input driver energy and to achieve an adequate burn fraction. Highdensity compression is a major challenge in ICF, requiring that non-uniformity in driver energy deposition be kept lower than a few percent. The axis of an HIB can be made to oscillate sufficiently rapidly to improve the uniformity of energy deposition.

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Section: Energy Release In Heavy Ion Inertial Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-drive heavy ion beam inertial confinement fusion: a review, toward our future energy source

Kawata

2021

Advances in Physics: X

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“…Low to moderate velocity ratios v p /v th ≤ 3 can be obtained in laser-generated plasma and exploding-pusher experiments, which are essentially limited to hot, ideal plasmas 22,25,26,35 . Cold and dense plasma conditions within or approaching the WDM state can be achieved with X-ray driven plasmas 34,36 but the measurements reported so far involve high velocity ratios v p /v th ≥ 10. Our goal is to simultaneously reach WDM states with moderate to strong electron coupling Γ ∼ 0.1-1 and to probe them with low to moderate velocity ratio (v p /v th ≪ 10), which remains an unexplored parameter domain and approaches the conditions of α projectiles in an ICF fuel shell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton stopping measurements at low velocity in warm dense carbon

Malko

Cayzac²,

Ospina-Bohorquez³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Ion stopping in warm dense matter is a process of fundamental importance for the understanding of the properties of dense plasmas, the realization and the interpretation of experiments involving ion-beam-heated warm dense matter samples, and for inertial confinement fusion research. The theoretical description of the ion stopping power in warm dense matter is difficult notably due to electron coupling and degeneracy, and measurements are still largely missing. In particular, the low-velocity stopping range around the Bragg peak, that features the largest modeling uncertainties, remains virtually unexplored. Here, we report proton energy-loss measurements in warm dense plasma at unprecedented low projectile velocities, approaching significantly the Bragg-peak region. Our energy-loss data, combined with a precise target characterization based on plasma emission measurements using two independent spectroscopy diagnostics, demonstrate a significant deviation of the stopping power from classical models in this regime. In particular, we show that our results are consistent with recent first-principles simulations based on time-dependent density functional theory.

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“…It is proposed that the use of diatomic molecular ions and cluster ion beams of hydrogen may also prove helpful to drive inertial confinement fusion [29]. In addition, collective effect of protons in dense plasma has been investigated, and it is essential for the design of ion-driven fast ignition and inertial confinement fusion [30]. In the low-energy regime, the energy-loss measurement for 100 keV proton in the hydrogen plasma has been presented in our previous work [31], and the energy-loss enhancement effect is attributed to the higher Coulomb logarithm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Charge State of Protons with 90 and 100 keV Energies Decelerated in Hydrogen Plasma

et al. 2021

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Energy loss of protons with 90 and 100 keV energies penetrating through a hydrogen plasma target has been measured, where the electron density of the plasma is about 1016 cm−3 and the electron temperature is about 1-2 eV. It is found that the energy loss of protons in the plasma is obviously larger than that in cold gas and the experimental results based on the Bethe model calculations can be demonstrated by the variation of effective charge of protons in the hydrogen plasma. The effective charge remains 1 for 100 keV protons, while the value for 90 keV protons decreases to be about 0.92. Moreover, two empirical formulae are employed to extract the effective charge.

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Observation of a high degree of stopping for laser-accelerated intense proton beams in dense ionized matter

Cited by 36 publications

References 84 publications

Direct-drive heavy ion beam inertial confinement fusion: a review, toward our future energy source

Direct-drive heavy ion beam inertial confinement fusion: a review, toward our future energy source

Proton stopping measurements at low velocity in warm dense carbon

The Charge State of Protons with 90 and 100 keV Energies Decelerated in Hydrogen Plasma

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