Ion scattering studies of the formation and thermal stability of the Ti–Al interface

Low-Energy Ar+ Ion-Beam-Induced Amorphization and Chemical Modification of Potassium Titanyl Arsenate (001) Crystal Surfaces

“…Ion-beam implantation/irradiation is an attractive method for the fabrication of waveguides and/or surface modification in many optical materials, including crystals, polymers, glassy materials, and semiconductors. − Ion-beam irradiation is also a versatile method for surface or near-surface modification of crystalline materials in the electronics, magnetoelectronics, and optoelectronics industries. − Recently, there has been considerable interest in modifying the optical properties of KTA and fabricating waveguides using ion-beam methods. ,,− However, the information concerning variations of electronic properties and the structure of KTA surfaces subjected to external physiochemical effects, such as ion bombardment, is limited. The ion-beam irradiation-induced modifications of the surface structure may result in significant variations of optical transparency, refractive indices, and optical damage thresholds.…”

Thermal and chemical stability of epitaxial Fe films grown on the Ti-stabilized Al(100) surface

“…The significant rise in peak area after annealing at 400°C is attributed to the onset of a major change in the Fe/Ti/Al(1 0 0) structure, possibly due to diffusion of Al atoms to the surface, and movement of Fe and Ti into the Al substrate. We discuss below, and elsewhere [32,33], the stability of the Ti film on the Al(1 0 0) surface with no Fe deposition. The annealing experiments were stopped at 400°C because of the difficulty of cleaning the Al surface following the diffusion of Fe atoms deep into the bulk of the Al crystal.…”

“…The LEIS spectrum for the clean Al(1 0 0) surface is included for comparison, and shows only the dominant peak for ions scattered from Al atoms at the surface. Earlier experiments [16,33] showed that during Ti film growth the Al peak is slowly attenuated as the Ti peak area increases. For 2 ML of Ti, the Al peak area is about 60% of the peak area for the clean surface.…”