Abstract:The accumulation of metal ions in the body is caused by human activities and industrial uses. Among these metal ions, copper is the third most abundant ion found in the human body and is indispensable for health because it works as a catalyst in the iron absorption processes. However, high doses of copper ions have been reported to generate various diseases. Different types of sensors are used to detect metal ions for several applications. To design selective and specific recognition sites on the sensor surfac… Show more
“…The plasmonic sensors integrated with molecularly imprinted nanoparticles have received great attention as biological recognition elements [ 26 ]. Molecular imprinting is a process applied to create recognition sites in a macromolecular matrix using a template molecule [ 27 ]. Molecularly imprinted polymers have many superior properties such as stable chemical, physical, and mechanical properties, the ability to withstand a high pressure and a high temperature, a strong resistance to acids and alkalis, an easy synthesis, a long-term performance life, reusability, and recycling [ 28 ].…”
Herein, gold nanoparticles (AuNP)-modified cortisol-imprinted (AuNP-MIP) plasmonic sensor was developed for signal amplification and real-time cortisol determination in both aqueous and complex solutions. Firstly, the sensor surfaces were modified with 3-(trimethoxylyl)propyl methacrylate and then pre-complex was prepared using the functional monomer N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester. The monomer solution was made ready for polymerization by adding 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate to ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. In order to confirm the signal enhancing effect of AuNP, only cortisol-imprinted (MIP) plasmonic sensor was prepared without AuNP. To determine the selectivity efficiency of the imprinting process, the non-imprinted (AuNP-NIP) plasmonic sensor was also prepared without cortisol. The characterization studies of the sensors were performed with atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. The kinetic analysis of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor exhibited a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.97) for a wide range (0.01–100 ppb) with a low detection limit (0.0087 ppb) for cortisol detection. Moreover, the high imprinting efficiency (k′ = 9.67) of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor was determined by comparison with the AuNP-NIP plasmonic sensor. All kinetic results were validated and confirmed by HPLC.
“…The plasmonic sensors integrated with molecularly imprinted nanoparticles have received great attention as biological recognition elements [ 26 ]. Molecular imprinting is a process applied to create recognition sites in a macromolecular matrix using a template molecule [ 27 ]. Molecularly imprinted polymers have many superior properties such as stable chemical, physical, and mechanical properties, the ability to withstand a high pressure and a high temperature, a strong resistance to acids and alkalis, an easy synthesis, a long-term performance life, reusability, and recycling [ 28 ].…”
Herein, gold nanoparticles (AuNP)-modified cortisol-imprinted (AuNP-MIP) plasmonic sensor was developed for signal amplification and real-time cortisol determination in both aqueous and complex solutions. Firstly, the sensor surfaces were modified with 3-(trimethoxylyl)propyl methacrylate and then pre-complex was prepared using the functional monomer N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester. The monomer solution was made ready for polymerization by adding 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate to ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. In order to confirm the signal enhancing effect of AuNP, only cortisol-imprinted (MIP) plasmonic sensor was prepared without AuNP. To determine the selectivity efficiency of the imprinting process, the non-imprinted (AuNP-NIP) plasmonic sensor was also prepared without cortisol. The characterization studies of the sensors were performed with atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. The kinetic analysis of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor exhibited a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.97) for a wide range (0.01–100 ppb) with a low detection limit (0.0087 ppb) for cortisol detection. Moreover, the high imprinting efficiency (k′ = 9.67) of the AuNP-MIP plasmonic sensor was determined by comparison with the AuNP-NIP plasmonic sensor. All kinetic results were validated and confirmed by HPLC.
“…As shown in Figure a, fluorescence intensity gradually decreases with the increasing concentrations, which even have an intensity change with 500 pM Cu 2+ . The system has higher sensitivity and lower reagent consumption than other sensors − (Table S2). The fluorescence intensity varies bilinearly with the concentration of Cu 2+ (Figure b).…”
Currently,
the frontier of nanomaterials has been an extraordinary
way for biological and chemical analysis. Using quantum dots (QDs)
has served as a promising strategy for copper ion sensing. Various
microreactors have been utilized to enhance the sensitivity and stability
and shorten the detection time. By integrating a photothermal waveguide
into a microfluidic platform, we have developed a photothermal microreactor
for enhanced copper ion detection. Temperature gradient, intense vaper
microbubbles, vortex, and microdroplets can be simultaneously generated
due to the enhanced photothermal effect of graphene oxide and the
evanescent field of microfiber. Due to the cooperation of gathering
QDs by vortex fields, enlarging surface area on account of droplets,
and accelerating molecular motion based on increasing temperature,
this system can achieve highly enhanced detection of copper ions in
a small sample volume of 2 μL within 5 min, where the detection
limit is 3 orders of magnitudes lower than that of the original method.
Such a photothermal microreactor is pollution-free and cost-effective
with high efficiency and hypotoxicity, being highly potential as a
powerful micro-sensing strategy for environmental monitoring as well
as chemical analysis.
“…Gerdan et al designed an IIP SPR sensor for Cu +2 detection using N-methacryloyl-Lcysteine methyl ester as a functional monomer on a gold surface. The sensor had a wide LR, but the LOD was not so high [148]. With the use of a different functional monomer, the LR narrows, but the LOD is lower by 270 times [147].…”
The increase of production and consumption persistently introduce different pollutants into the environment. The constant development and improvement of analytical methods for tracking environmental contaminants are essential. The demand for high sample throughput analysis has hit the spotlight for developing selective sensors to avoid time-consuming sample preparation techniques. In addition, the sensor’s sensitivity should satisfy the rigorous demands of harmful compound tracking. Molecularly imprinted plasmonic-based sensors are excellent candidates to overcome selectivity and sensitivity issues. Molecularly imprinted polymers are robust, stable in aqueous and organic solvents, stable at extreme pHs and temperatures, and include a low-cost synthesis procedure. Combined with plasmonic-based techniques, they are the perspective choice for applications in the field of environmental protection. Plasmonic-based sensors offer a lower limit of detection, a broad linearity range, high sensitivity, and high selectivity compared to other detection techniques. This review outlines the optical plasmonic detection of different environmental contaminants with molecularly imprinted polymers as sensing elements. The main focus is on the environmental pollutants affecting human and animal health, such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, hormones, microorganisms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dyes, and metal particles. Although molecularly imprinted plasmonic-based sensors currently have their application mostly in the biomedical field, we are eager to point them out as a highly prospective solution for many environmental problems.
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