Ion-exchanged Er/Yb waveguide laser at 1.5 µm pumped by laser diode

Román, José E.; Camy, Patrice; Hempstead, M.; Brocklesby, W.S.; Nouh, S.; Beguin, A.; Lerminiaux, C.; Wilkinson, James S.

doi:10.1049/el:19950897

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Obviously, this model is consistent with the observed time evolution of the green emission but not with the long-time behavior of the red emission, which follows an exponential decay with a decay rate similar to 3 . Incidentally, the asymptotic behavior of the green emission comes from the ETU term W t ͓n 3 (t)͔ 2 , in agreement with previous considerations made in this section.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

“…This approximation is usually well justified, and, in our particular case, it is experimentally observed that n 3 follows an exponential decay with a rate constant similar to 3 , which implies that relation (5) constitutes an excellent approximation. As we are mainly interested in identifying the mechanism that contributes the most to the red upconversion, we will solve Eqs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The potential applications include detection of IR radiation by conversion of the IR signal into the visible range and upconversion lasers. [1][2][3] Among rare-earth-doped glass materials, erbium-doped glasses are promising host materials because of their important optical properties, which make them suitable for applications in photonics such as lasers, optical amplifiers, and frequency upconverters. Er 3ϩ -doped waveguide laser and upconversion laser operations have been achieved at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infrared-to-visible upconversion of Er^3+ ions in GeO_2–PbO–Nb_2O_5 glasses

et al. 2004

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We report the infrared-to-visible upconversion luminescence of Er 3ϩ -doped lead-niobium-germanate glasses (GeO 2 -PbO-Nb 2 O 5 ) with different Er 2 O 3 concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) under continuous-wave and pulsed-laser excitation in the near-infrared region inside the 4 I 9/2 level. Intense green emission due to the ( 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2 ) → 4 I 15/2 transitions was observed at room temperature together with a weak red emission corresponding to the 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition. These upconversion emissions are attributed to a two-photon process. The time evolution of the green emission from the 4 S 3/2 level indicates that energy-transfer upconversion and excited-state absorption are responsible for the upconversion luminescence. The increase of the weak red emission with increasing Er 2 O 3 concentration, together with its temporal behavior under infrared excitation, suggests that for Er 2 O 3 concentrations higher than 1 wt.%, the upconverted red emission is the result of multiphonon relaxation from the 4 S 3/2 level and energy-transfer processes.

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supporting

confidence: 72%

mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infrared-to-visible upconversion of Er^3+ ions in GeO_2–PbO–Nb_2O_5 glasses

et al. 2004

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“…Thus there is an increasing demand for upconversion materials with important applications in upconversion lasers, due to the availability of powerful near-infrared commercial laser diodes, IR detection by conversion to visible light, where detectors are more efficient, and biological fluorescence labels and imaging or 3-D displays. 1,2,[11][12][13][14][15][16] When the RE 3+ ions are incorporated into the nanocrystals their upconversion efficiencies depend on the …”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis, structure and luminescence of Er3+-doped Y3Ga5O12 nano-garnets

et al. 2012

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A novel Y 3(1Àx) Er 3x Ga 5 O 12 nanocrystalline garnet has been synthesized by a sol-gel technique and a complete structural, morphological, vibrational, and optical characterization has been carried out in order to correlate the local structure of the Er 3+ ions with their optical properties. The synthesized nanocrystals are found in a single-phase garnet structure with an average grain size of around 60 nm. The good crystalline quality of the garnet structure is confirmed by FTIR and Raman measurements, since the phonon modes of the nano-garnet are similar to those found in the single crystal garnet. Under blue laser excitation, intense green and red visible and 1.5 mm infrared luminescences are observed, whose relative intensities are very sensitive to the Er 3+ concentration. The dynamics of these emissions under pulsed laser excitations are analyzed in the framework of different energy transfer interactions. Intense visible upconverted luminescence can be clearly observed by the naked eye for all synthesized Er 3+ -doped Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 nano-garnets under a cw 790 nm laser excitation. The power dependency and the dynamics of the upconverted luminescence confirm the existence of different two-photon upconversion processes for the green and red emissions that strongly depend on the Er 3+ concentration, showing the potential of these nano-garnets as excellent candidates for developing new optical devices. A IntroductionNowadays, rare earth (RE 3+ )-doped nanocrystals attract great attention due to their size, shape, and phase-dependent structural and luminescence properties, which make them suitable for fundamental and technological applications.1,2 On the other hand, the favorable physical and chemical properties of the oxide garnet crystals, such as high transparency from the UV to the mid-IR, high thermal conductivity, hardness, good chemical stability, and relatively low-energy phonons, make them one of the most important families of host matrices for the RE 3+ ions with interesting luminescence properties already used in lasers and phosphors. ions without charge compensation. 8,9From the point of view of the potential optical applications of the RE 3+ ions, one of the most interesting phenomena is their capacity to convert the infrared absorbed radiation into visible emitting light, known as energy upconversion.10 The particular selection of one or various RE 3+ ions and their concentrations allows controlling the upconverted visible luminescence to match a specific coordinate of colour, or even the generation of white light as a combination of red, green and blue (RGB) emissions. Thus there is an increasing demand for upconversion materials with important applications in upconversion lasers, due to the availability of powerful near-infrared commercial laser diodes, IR detection by conversion to visible light, where detectors are more efficient, and biological fluorescence labels and imaging or 3-D displays. 1,2,[11][12][13][14][15][16] When the RE 3+ ions are incorporated into the nanocrystals their upcon...

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“…Furthermore, the weak absorption of Er at 980 nm requires the use of high-power pumps. Pump power may be reduced using additional codopants, such as Yb O [3], [7], [12]- [18]. Yb has a large absorption cross section at 980 nm and may transfer energy nonradiatively to the I level of Er .…”

Section: B Silica-on-silicon Edwasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol-gel silica-on-silicon buried-channel EDWAs

Huang

Syms

2003

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-Silica-on-silicon erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers (EDWAs) fabricated by the sol-gel route are demonstrated. The preparation of stable sols is first described, with emphasis on identifying chemical routes that allow the incorporation of sufficient concentration of erbium without precipitation or gelation. Erbium-doped glasses containing various codopants, such as phosphorus, aluminum, germanium and ytterbium are formed and used in the construction of buried channel guide EDWAs. A range of optical measurements is presented, and the effects of the dopants in eliminating erbium ion quenching and improving pumping efficiency are evaluated. The best material system-Er/Yb codoped aluminophosphosilicate glass-has low background loss and a net gain of 1.1 dB/cm.

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Ion-exchanged Er/Yb waveguide laser at 1.5 µm pumped by laser diode

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

Infrared-to-visible upconversion of Er^3+ ions in GeO_2–PbO–Nb_2O_5 glasses

Infrared-to-visible upconversion of Er^3+ ions in GeO_2–PbO–Nb_2O_5 glasses

Synthesis, structure and luminescence of Er3+-doped Y3Ga5O12 nano-garnets

Sol-gel silica-on-silicon buried-channel EDWAs

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