We have developed a new chromatographic method to efficiently separate and isolate neptunium (Np) and protactinium (Pa), based on the selective extraction of protactinium by primary alcohols. The effectiveness of the new technology is demonstrated by efficient separation of 233 Pa from parent radionuclide 237 Np, using a hydrochloric acid mobile-phase medium. Our new approach reproducibly isolated 233 Pa tracer with a yield of 99 ± 1 % (n = 3; radiochemical purity 100 %) and enabled chemical recovery of 237 Np parent material of 92 ± 3 % (radiochemical [99 %) for future 233 Pa tracer preparations. Compared to previous methods, the new approach reduces radioactive inorganic and organic waste; simplifies the separation process by eliminating cumbersome liquidliquid extractions; and allows isolation of radiochemicallypure fractions in less than 1 h. Graphical Abstract 50 150 250 350 Energy, keV 237 Np 9 M HCl 233 Pa 1 M HCl 30 mL 60 mL 0 mL γ: 311 keV α: 4.8 MeV Energy,