Ion beam propagation and focusing

Olson, Craig

doi:10.1007/bf01050299

Cited by 62 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Due to the large variety of ions and the wide range of ion energies used in material modifications, detailed analysis of ion beam attenuation and focusing is needed for each application. Nevertheless, since the principle of this type of focusing had been demonstrated, 16,17 and since data 18 indicate a reasonable range of ions in air, nonvacuum ion material modification seems feasible, with such a vacuum-atmosphere interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plasma window for vacuum–atmosphere interface and focusing lens of sources for nonvacuum ion material modification (invited)

Hershcovitch

1998

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Material modifications by ion implantation, dry etching, and microfabrication are widely used technologies, all of which are performed in vacuum, since ion beams at energies used in these applications are completely attenuated by foils or by long differentially pumped sections, which are currently used to interface between vacuum and atmosphere. A novel plasma window, which utilizes a short arc for vacuum–atmosphere interface, has been developed. This window provides for sufficient vacuum atmosphere separation, as well as for ion beam propagation through it, thus facilitating nonvacuum ion material modification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plasma window for vacuum–atmosphere interface and focusing lens of sources for nonvacuum ion material modification (invited)

Hershcovitch

1998

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…This "standoff" distance prevents damage to the final focus section of the accelerator from the target explosion [37]. Ballistic transport uses a final focusing lens just outside the chamber and a supply of electrons to provide neutralization (neutralized ballistic transport) [38]; the detailed physics of the neutralization process is one of the key areas to be addressed by the NTX experiments [39,40], along with the optics of final focusing [41].…”

Section: Studies Of Beam Propagation In Fusion-chamber Plasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of theory and modeling in the heavy ion fusion virtual national laboratory

et al. 2002

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“…Detailed analysis of the ion beam focusing process, formed by diodes of various geometries, is presented in the work of Olson (1982). It is shown that magnetically insulated diodes have a rather small PIB divergence (ratio of PIB radius at half-height to the distance towards the diode), amounting to 1-4°, in contrast to reflex diodes and pinch-diodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of a shield on intense ion beam transportation

2013

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This article presents the results of a study on transportation of a pulse ion beam of gigawatt power. This beam is formed by a self-magnetically insulated diode with an explosive-emission cathode. The experiments have been performed using the TEMP-4M pulsed ion accelerator configured in double-pulse formation mode with the first negative pulse (300-500 ns, 100-150 kV), followed by the second positive pulse (150 ns, 250-300 kV). To increase the effectiveness of ion beam focusing, a metal shield is installed on a grounded electrode. Investigations are performed using a strip focusing diode, a cone diode, and a spiral diode with metal shields of different constructions. We observed that the beam diameter at the focus decreases from 60 mm (without shield) to 40-42 mm (with a shield), which leads to an increase in the energy density by a factor of 1.5-2 being 4-5 J/cm 2 at the focus. We analyzed different mechanisms for ion trajectories deviation from an ideal one: Coulomb repulsion due to incomplete space charge neutralization, influence of electromagnetic fields, etc. It is found that for a strip focusing diode the concentration of low-energy electrons accompanying the ion beam exceeds the concentration of ions by 1.3-1.5 times. The use of a metal shield improves the transportation properties of the ion beam by keeping neutralizing electrons within the beam volume which ensures its space charge neutralization during the transport.

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Ion beam propagation and focusing

Cited by 62 publications

References 96 publications

A plasma window for vacuum–atmosphere interface and focusing lens of sources for nonvacuum ion material modification (invited)

A plasma window for vacuum–atmosphere interface and focusing lens of sources for nonvacuum ion material modification (invited)

Overview of theory and modeling in the heavy ion fusion virtual national laboratory

The influence of a shield on intense ion beam transportation

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