Iodine deficiency in pregnant women residing in an area with adequate iodine intake

Marchioni, Enrico; Fumarola, Angela; Calvanese, A.; Piccirilli, Fabrizio; Tommasi, Valentina De; Cugini, P; Ulisse, Salvatore; Fanelli, Filippo Rossi; D’Armiento, Massimino

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2008.01.015

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2), regardless of dietary habits, may simply reflect an increase in daily urine volume. Be that as it may, our study clearly indicates an adequate iodine status during childhood and an iodine deficiency condition median UIC of 55 μg/l among females of child-bearing age, consistently with other European surveys [5,14,19,23]. Present data are comparable to those of a previous survey on pregnant women in the same geographical area, where we found a median UIC of 80 μg/l.…”

Section: No Milk (%)supporting

confidence: 92%

Iodine status from childhood to adulthood in females living in North-East Italy: Iodine deficiency is still an issue

Watutantrige-Fernando

Cavedon

Nacamulli

et al. 2015

Eur J Nutr

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Section: No Milk (%)supporting

confidence: 92%

Iodine status from childhood to adulthood in females living in North-East Italy: Iodine deficiency is still an issue

Watutantrige-Fernando

Cavedon

Nacamulli

et al. 2015

Eur J Nutr

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“…In the same study on iodine intake in pregnancy in Denmark, no significant difference in the median UIC between pregnant women and their children was observed when they were instructed to provide spot urine samples at home at the same time. Therefore, more studies are needed to clarify these influencing factors and should be performed to emphasize the importance of regularly monitoring iodine status in the pregnant population [27,28,29]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Increase in Consuming Adequately Iodized Salt May Not Be Enough to Rectify Iodine Deficiency in Pregnancy in an Iodine-Sufficient Area of China

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Universal salt iodization (USI) has been implemented for two decades in China. It is crucial to periodically monitor iodine status in the most vulnerable population, such as pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was carried out in an evidence-proved iodine-sufficient province to evaluate iodine intake in pregnancy. According to the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD recommendation criteria of adequate iodine intake in pregnancy (150–249 µg/L), the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of the total 8159 recruited pregnant women was 147.5 µg/L, which indicated pregnant women had iodine deficiency at the province level. Overall, 51.0% of the total study participants had iodine deficiency with a UIC < 150 µg/L and only 32.9% of them had adequate iodine. Participants living in coastal areas had iodine deficiency with a median UIC of 130.1 µg/L, while those in inland areas had marginally adequate iodine intake with a median UIC of 158.1 µg/L (p < 0.001). Among the total study participants, 450 pregnant women consuming non-iodized salt had mild-moderate iodine deficiency with a median UIC of 99.6 µg/L; 7363 pregnant women consuming adequately iodized salt had a lightly statistically higher median UIC of 151.9 µg/L, compared with the recommended adequate level by the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD (p < 0.001). Consuming adequately iodized salt seemed to lightly increase the median UIC level, but it may not be enough to correct iodine nutrition status to an optimum level as recommended by the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. We therefore suggest that, besides strengthening USI policy, additional interventive measure may be needed to improve iodine intake in pregnancy.

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“…It has been observed that, even though iodine intake is sufficient in school age children, deficiency occurs in pregnant women (11)(12)(13)(14). These observations justify the need for constant monitoring in these at-risk populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine insufficiency in pregnant women from the State of São Paulo

Ferreira

Navarro²,

Magalhães

et al. 2014

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: The intake of adequate amounts of iodine during pregnancy is essential for the neurological development of the fetus. The aim of this study was to assess iodine nutrition status in pregnant women from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Material and methods: We analyzed urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in 191 pregnant and 58 non-pregnant women matched by age. We used the World Health Organization criteria to define sufficient iodine supply (median UIC: 150-249 µg/L among pregnant women, and 100-199 µg/L for non-pregnant women). Results: Median UIC of the pregnant women studied was lower than the recommended value (median = 137.7 µg/L, 95% CI = 132.9 -155.9), while non-pregnant women had UIC levels within the appropriate range (median = 190 μg/L; 95% IC = 159.3-200.1). UIC was below 150 µg/L in 57% of the pregnant women. Conclusions: Although a larger sample is needed to consolidate these findings, these results raise concerns about the adequacy of the iodine supply of pregnant women in Brazil, especially considering the new determinations of the Brazilian government, which have recently reduced the concentrations of iodine in RESUMOObjetivo: O consumo de quantidade adequada de iodo durante a gestação é de fundamental importância para o desenvolvimento neurológico do feto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado nutricional iódico em gestantes do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Material e métodos: Analisamos a concentração urinária de iodo (UIC) em 191 gestantes e em 58 mulheres não gestantes de mesma faixa etária. Foram utilizados os critérios da OMS para definir suficiência iódica (mediana de UIC: 150-249 µg/L entre as gestantes e 100-199 µg/L para as não gestantes). Resultados: A mediana de UIC das gestantes estudadas esteve abaixo da recomendada (mediana = 137,7 μg/L; 95% IC = 132,9 -155,9) enquanto a das mulheres não grávidas se mostrou na faixa adequada (mediana = 190 μg/L; 95% IC = 159,3 -200,1). Entre as gestantes, 57% apresentaram UIC < 150 μg/L. Conclusões: Apesar de uma maior amostragem ser necessária para a confirmação desses achados, os resultados levantam preocupação quanto à suficiência iódica nas mulheres grávidas no Brasil, principalmente diante das novas determinações governamentais brasileiras quanto à redução das concentrações de iodo no sal de cozinha para 15-45 mg/kg. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(3):282-7

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Iodine deficiency in pregnant women residing in an area with adequate iodine intake

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Iodine status from childhood to adulthood in females living in North-East Italy: Iodine deficiency is still an issue

Iodine status from childhood to adulthood in females living in North-East Italy: Iodine deficiency is still an issue

An Increase in Consuming Adequately Iodized Salt May Not Be Enough to Rectify Iodine Deficiency in Pregnancy in an Iodine-Sufficient Area of China

Iodine insufficiency in pregnant women from the State of São Paulo

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