Involvement of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Immunological Response Against Orf Infection

Saadeh, Dana; Kurban, Mazen; Kibbi, Abdul‐Ghani; Abbas, Ossama

doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.830

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Essentially absent from normal skin, PDCs have been demonstrated in a variety of infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic cutaneous diseases including viral infections, psoriasis, connective tissue diseases, solid cancers and lymphomas [2,6,12,20,21]. Their prominent role in the different LE forms affecting the skin has been well studied and is linked to their ability to activate both the innate and adaptive immune systems [6,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Differentiating the Lymphocytic Cicatricial Alopecias

Sleiman¹,

Kurban²,

Abbas³

2015

Dermatology

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Background: Differentiating lymphocytic scarring alopecias may be difficult clinically as well as histopathologically. Objective: To investigate plasmacytoid dendritic cell (PDC) presence and distribution patterns and their diagnostic value in differentiating scarring alopecias of lupus erythematosus (LE) from lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA). Methods: Seventeen LE-associated alopecia, 20 LPP and 10 FFA cases were immunohistochemically tested for PDC presence/distribution and activity. Results: LE-associated alopecia showed increased PDC content (≥10% PDCs in all cases and ≥50% in 94% of cases), PDC clusters (100% of cases), and deeper dermal and perieccrine distribution (100% of cases) with involvement of the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ, 94% of cases), while the majority of LPP and FFA had <10% PDC content that was mainly confined to the upper dermis surrounding the hair infundibulum with rare DEJ involvement and rare clustering. Conclusions: Specific PDC-related parameters may serve as a useful diagnostic adjunct in the differentiation between LE-associated alopecia versus LPP and FFA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Differentiating the Lymphocytic Cicatricial Alopecias

Sleiman¹,

Kurban²,

Abbas³

2015

Dermatology

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“…The histopathology varies according to the clinical stage. Characteristic histological features include: parakeratotic crust, hyperkeratosis, epidermal hyperplasia, intraepidermal vesiculation, ballooning and degeneration of keratinocytes, increased dermal vascularity, and cytoplasmic and nuclear vacuolation as well as a dense mixed inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils (Figure ) …”

Section: Laboratory Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orf virus infection

Bergqvist

Kurban

Abbas

2017

Reviews in Medical Virology

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117

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Orf virus (ORFV) is an important pathogen responsible for a highly contagious zoonotic viral infection that threatens those who handle sheep and goats. Orf virus is the prototype of the Parapoxvirus genus, and its resilience in the environment and ability to reinfect its host has contributed to the spread and maintenance of the infection in many species. In healthy humans, the disease usually resolves spontaneously within 3 to 6 weeks. There is no specific treatment and many different approaches such as use of imiquimod, cidofovir, curettage, shave excision, cryotherapy, and electrocautery have all been reported to be successful, without supporting evidence from controlled clinical trials. Throughout its interaction with the different hosts, ORFV has evolved a strategy for immune evasion via the development of an array of virulence factors. The interaction of ORFV with the immune system has been the subject of research for decades. Whole inactivated ORFV has been used as a type of immunomodulating drug; a so called paramunity inducer proposed as both a preventative and a therapeutic immunomodulator across various species. Additional research on the remarkable strategies underlying ORFV infection could lead to improved understanding of skin immunity.

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“…Anecdotal case reports have shown some efficacy of imiquimod in the treatment of orf infections in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals . This may be mediated by imiquimod's activation of PDCs, which have recently been identified as a component of the host response against orf …”

Section: Off‐label Uses Of Imiquimod In Cutaneous Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imiquimod in dermatology: an overview

2016

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Imiquimod is an immune response modifier commercially available as a 3.75 and 5% cream. Topical imiquimod stimulates the innate and adaptive immune responses and induces cytokine production. This allows its use for the treatment of a wide variety of benign and malignant skin conditions due to its potential antiviral, antitumor, and immunoregulatory effects. Currently, topical imiquimod is US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for the treatment of anogenital warts, actinic keratosis, and superficial basal cell carcinomas. However, it has also shown a beneficial effect in the treatment of many other skin disorders. In this review, we describe existing evidence on the mechanism of action of topical imiquimod, its FDA-approved indications, off-label uses, and side effects.

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Involvement of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Immunological Response Against Orf Infection

Abstract: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are specialized dendritic cells with a significant role in antiviral resistance. 1,2 Plasmacytoid dendritic cells have never been studied in orf infection.

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Differentiating the Lymphocytic Cicatricial Alopecias

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Differentiating the Lymphocytic Cicatricial Alopecias

Orf virus infection

Imiquimod in dermatology: an overview

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