Involvement of monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of the flavonoid naringenin in mice

Singh

2014

Chin. J. Integr. Med.

170

Flavonoids are a widely distributed group of phytochemicals having benzo-pyrone nucleus, and more than 4,000 different flavonoids have been described and categorized into flavonols, flavones, flavanones, isoflavones, catechins and anthocyanidins. Flavonoids occurs naturally in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and beverages such as coffee, tea, and red wine, as well as in medical herbs. Flavonoids are responsible for the different colors of plant parts and are important constituents of the human diet. Flavanoids have different pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-allergic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anticancer activity. Naringenin belongs to the flavanones and is mainly found in fruits (grapefruit and oranges) and vegetables. Pharmacologically, it has anticancer, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiatherogenic activities. Naringenin is used for the treatments of osteoporosis, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and showed lipid-lowering and insulin-like properties. In the present review, detailed pharmacological and analytical aspects of naringenin have been presented, which revealed the impressive pharmacological profile and the possible usefulness in the treatment of different types of diseases in the future. The information provided in this communication will act as an important source for development of effective medicines for the treatment of various disorders.

mentioning

confidence: 76%

A Review on Pharmacological and Analytical Aspects of Naringenin

Singh

2014

Chin. J. Integr. Med.

170

“…The FST and TST are two accepted stress models used to evaluate the anti-depressant activities of drugs [1,24]. If a drug can induce the locomotor activity, a false positive activity in FST and TST will be observed and thus LAT should be carried out to rule out the false positive activity [25]. As shown in Figures 2 -4, the results of FST, TST and LAT indicated that kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucose and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucose had significant anti-depressant activity by reducing the immobility time of mice, and the inhibitory effects of the four flavonoids on the immobility time were positively related to their polarity.…”

Section: Effects Of Four Flavonoids On Locomotor Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Anti-Depressant Activity of Four Flavonoids Isolated from <i>Apocynum venetum</i> Linn (Apocynaceae) Leaf in Mice

Yan¹,

Lang²,

Song³

et al. 2016

Trop. J. Pharm Res

Purpose: To investigate the anti-depressant activity of kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-β-Dglucose and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucose isolated from Apocynum venetum (72.58 -90.24; 52.58 -70.24 s), 5-HIAA levels (940.8 -1244.7; 880.8 -1164.1 ng/g) and 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio (1.77 -4.76; 1.83 -4.16), but increased NE, DA and 5-HT levels (238.7 -405.7, 308.4 -528.1, 261.4 -531.9; 243.9 -423.6, 296.7 -534.9, 279.8 -481.4 ng/g) in FST and TST, compared with control group (146.18, 126.18 s; 1363.4, 1240 7.43, 6.16; 138.4, 235.4, 183.4 and 143.7, 218.6, 201.4 ng/g). The effects of the four flavonoids on the above indices were significant (p < 0.05) and positively related to their polarity. They had no CNS-stimulating effects in LAT. Conclusion:The anti-depressant activities of the four flavonoids are positively related to their polarity, and the mechanisms may be due to increased NE,

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

“…Although classical anti-depressants are recommended as the first-choice drugs for treatment of depression associated with diabetes, through restoration of brain monoamines, mainly NE and 5-HT, animal and human studies have shown that they can interfere with blood glucose levels (Gomez and Barros 2000;Khoza et al 2012). Thus, efforts have been directed towards the development of herbal and dietary supplements to be used as anti-depressants with fewer side effects (Yi et al 2010;Hurley et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-depressant effect of hesperidin in diabetic rats

El-Marasy

Abdallah

El‐Shenawy

et al. 2014

This study aimed to investigate the anti-depressant effect of hesperidin (Hsp) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, the effect of Hsp on hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and brain monoamines in diabetic rats was also assessed. The Wistar rats in the experimental groups were rendered hyperglycaemic with a single dose of STZ (52.5 mg·(kg body mass)(-1), by intraperitoneal injection). The normal group received the vehicle only. Hyperglycaemic rats were treated with Hsp (25.0, 50.0, or 100.0 mg·(kg body mass)(-1)·day(-1), per oral) and fluoxetine (Flu) (5.0 mg·(kg body mass)(-1)·day(-1), per oral) 48 h after the STZ injection, for 21 consecutive days. The normal and STZ control groups received the vehicle (distilled water). Behavioral and biochemical parameters were then assessed. When Hsp was administered to the STZ-treated rats, this reversed the STZ-induced increase in immobility duration in the forced swimming test (FST) and attenuated hyperglycaemia, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), increased reduced glutathione (GSH) decreased interleukin-6 (IL-6), and increased BDNF levels in the brain. Treatment with Hsp attenuated STZ-induced neurochemical alterations, as indicated by increased levels of monoamines in the brain, namely, norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT). All of these effects of Hsp were similar to those observed with the established anti-depressant Flu. This study shows that Hsp exerted anti-depressant effect in diabetic rats, which may have been partly mediated by its amelioration of hyperglycaemia as well as its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the enhancement of neurogenesis, and changes in the levels of monoamines in the brain.