Involvement of cortisol and metallothionein-like proteins in the physiological responses of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to sublethal cadmium stress

Fu, Hua; Steinebach, O.M.; Hamer, C.J.A. van den; Balm, P.H.M.; Lock, R.A.C.

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(90)90040-v

Cited by 73 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As a result, in the present study, the Ca/P ratios are not different in metal exposed fish. For Cd exposed fish, comparable results have been reported by Fu et al (1990).…”

Section: Calciumsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of combined waterborne Cd and Cu exposures on ionic composition and plasma cortisol in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus

Pelgrom

Lock

Balm

et al. 1995

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, T

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Plasma ions and cortisol levels were studied in immature tilapia for 6 days to a range of sublethal concentrations of Cu (50, 100 and 200 pg Cu I-1), Cd (20, 35 and 70 p g Cd I-1) and to combinations of these metals (50/ig Cu I-1 + 2 0 /*g Cd I ' 1, 100/ig Cu I-1 + 35 /ig Cd I-1 and 200 p g Cu I" 1 -f 70 p g Cd 1 " 1 ). Our data show that Na and Ca were markedly, although not exclusively, affected by Cu and Cd, respectively. Plasma Na concentrations were most prominently decreased in Cu-exposed fish, with less pronounced effects in Cd-exposed fish. In fish exposed to 10 pg Cd I-1, the plasma Ca concentration was half of the control value. Cu-induced changes of plasma Ca concentrations were less strongly marked. In combined Cu/Cd exposed fish, Na, Ca and Cl concentrations were significantly changed. Important in the present study was the notion that, in combined Cu/Cd exposed fish, the changes in Na and Ca levels could not be explained by synergism of addition of the effects observed in single metal exposed fish. Plasma cortisol levels were increased in Cu-exposed fish, but an increase was not observed in the Cu/Cd co-exposed fish. It is argued that the absence of this cortisol response contributes to an inadequate recovery of ionic disturbances in the Cu/Cd co-exposed fish.

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“…As a result, in the present study, the Ca/P ratios are not different in metal exposed fish. For Cd exposed fish, comparable results have been reported by Fu et al (1990).…”

Section: Calciumsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of combined waterborne Cd and Cu exposures on ionic composition and plasma cortisol in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus

Pelgrom

Lock

Balm

et al. 1995

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, T

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“…This response is more pro longed than the rise in plasma cortisol lev els and because it also does not rely exclu sively on elevated plasma cortisol levels it may be a more appropriate index for the effects of environmental stressors. This may be important because not all stressors lead to chronically elevated cortisol levels (Fu et al, 1990;Balm et al, 1994a). Addi tional changes, not observed after cortisol administration (in particular necrosis of pavement cells and profound infiltration of the skin by leukocytes), do occur in fish acclimating to environmental challenges and may represent direct effects of stress ors or locally controlled processes, respec tively.…”

Section: Pigment Cells the Observed Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol promotes pro cesses essential for adaptation to stressors, e.g., energy mobilization, osmoregulation, or synthesis of metallothioneins (Fu et al, 1990; Barton and Iwama, 1991; Redding et al, 1991). Consequently, cortisol levels have been considered a valuable stress in dex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol Induces Stress-Related Changes in the Skin of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Iger

Balm

Jenner

et al. 1995

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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The ultrastructure of the skin of rainbow trout, Oncorlixnchus mykiss, was studied over a 7-day period after a single meal containing cortisol. The fish experienced increased plasma cortisol levels for I day. Pavement cells contained significantly more vesicles of high elec tron density, which were also numerous in deeper filament cells, and displayed peroxidase activity. Mitotic cells were common after 4 and 7 days. Increased apoptosis, taken to indicate accelerated ageing, was detected in both pavement and mucous cells. Newly dif ferentiated mucous cells were found close to skin surface, and many mucous cells contained mucosomes of high electron density. The basal lamina became highly folded. The low numbers of leukocytes present in the skin did not change noticeably, but substantially more lymphocytes were apoptotic. The melanosomes in the pigment initially dispersed and sub sequently reaggregated in the cell bodies of these cells. The reaggregation was accompanied by apoptosis of melanocyte extensions. The results demonstrate the ability of the hormone to regulate several of the effects observed in the skin of fish challenged by stressors. Other phenomena generally observed in stressed fish, such as pavement cell necrosis and massive leucocyte infiltration, were not found after cortisol treatment. The latter observation indi cates that regulatory factors in addition to cortisol must be operative during stress.

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“…Many of these effects may be mediated by stress hormones such as cortisol. Cortisol levels become elevated after exposure to stressors, including cadmium (Pratap and Wendelaar Bonga 1990;Fu et al 1990). Only a few of the responses observed, such as the coupling of leucocytes, the appearance of Merkel cells close to the basal lamina, and the appearance of tumorlike aggregates of filament cells, may be specific for cadmium.…”

Section: Melanocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water-borne cadmium on the skin of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Iger

Lock

Meij

et al. 1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Involvement of cortisol and metallothionein-like proteins in the physiological responses of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to sublethal cadmium stress

Cited by 73 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of combined waterborne Cd and Cu exposures on ionic composition and plasma cortisol in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus

Effects of combined waterborne Cd and Cu exposures on ionic composition and plasma cortisol in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus

Cortisol Induces Stress-Related Changes in the Skin of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effects of water-borne cadmium on the skin of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

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