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NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYIn this paper we review the theoretical and empirical literature on links between domestic financial development and economic growth.In the 1960s early pioneers like Goldsmith, Cameron, and Gerschenkron used crude econometric methods and case studies to explore the finance-growth nexus. They found rough associations between financial factors and output, but did not provide a strong enough theoretical fundament to answer the causality question.In the 1970s McKinnon and Shaw developed a theoretical framework that helped to explain growth-inducing effects of financial liberalization in contrast to financial repression.They argued that the financial sector could raise the volume of savings as well as the quantity and quality of investment. This approach found only mixed empirical support and could not explain sustained increases in the growth rate of an economy either.The literature of the 1980s witnessed a return towards market critical approaches that were based on micro (market failure related) -and macroeconomic (neostructuralist) concerns.Mixed experiences with financial liberalization policies fuelled the surge in this type of literature.The answer economic theory gave to these q uestions was incorporated in the endogenous growth literature of the 1990s. It emphasizes the role of financial development in generating sustained growth through an external effect on aggregate investment efficiency. Some authors have developed a framework for reciprocal externalities between the financial and the real sector. Much empirical support has been found for the "finance promotes growth" view, but time-series evidence is less clear-cut than broad cross-section analysis. A majority of studies, however, comes to the conclusion that finance induces growth in early stages of economic development and vice versa in more advanced stages. A lot of evidence for bi-directional causality has been found as well. A specific role has been attributed to stock markets, but here in particular, the evidence is mixed.1