Investigations on tunneling and kissing bond defects in FSW joints for dissimilar aluminum alloys

Investigation on the Effect of Tool Pin Profiles on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Friction Stir Butt and Scarf Welded Aluminium Alloy 6063

“…These defects, if not minimized or eliminated, may lead to the degradation of mechanical properties of the joints. Defect formation in butt and lap joint configuration were investigated by many researchers [20][21][22][23][24]. Moreover, some defects such as kissing bond and joint line remnants, are typical to FSW.…”

Force measurement-based discontinuity detection during friction stir welding

“…They also suggested that the Al 2 O 3 particles from initial butt surface are the major cause of the failure of the joints. Khan et al (2015) investigated the effect of FS tool probe offset and plunge depth on the formation of tunneling discontinuities and kissing bonds in friction stir welds with dissimilar alloys (AA5083-H116 and AA6063-T6). The authors reported that tunneling and kissing bond defects were formed in welds with the FS tool probe offset toward the stronger alloy.…”

The Influence of Pre- and Post-Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures in Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Age-Hardenable Aluminum Alloys

“…As a new family of solid-state joining techniques, benefitting from the decreasing of heat input and the introduction of deformation during FSW, the joint might be free from the dendritic structure typical of a fusion-weld joint, and it has finer microstructures and better mechanical properties than the respective fusion welding joint. These welding processes have been successfully applied to join dissimilar aluminum alloys [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In the literatures, investigators have paid more attention to study the effect of FSW parameters on microstructures, mechanical properties, and defects formation [7,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…In the literatures, investigators have paid more attention to study the effect of FSW parameters on microstructures, mechanical properties, and defects formation [7,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Researchers found that FSW parameters, such as tool design, tool rotation and traverse speed, depth of tool plunge, angle of tool tilt, tool pin offset, and welding gap, etc., may lead to defect formation, if they are not selected properly [8,25,26].…”