Investigations on Croton penduliflorus Hutch.: IV. Action of the Seed Oil on Isolated Smooth Muscles

International Journal of Crude Drug Research

1987

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Croronpenduliflorus seed oil was obtained by successively extracting the dried seeds with petroleum ether (40"-60°). Graded doses of the extracted oil suspended in 5% Tween 20 were administered orally to groups of mice and the number of wet faeces (WF) produced at hourly basis for 9 hrs and at the end of 24 hrs were recorded. Linear dose-response relationships were obtained. A time-course of the purgative effect was established showing a maximum response between 9 and 24 hrs irrespective of the dose. An acute toxicity test was performed and the dose which produced 50% lethality in the mice population within 24 hrs was obtained.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Results obtained from these studies revealed that CP seed oil has contractile effects on isolated smooth and skeletal muscles. It brings about this effect mainly through a cholinergic mechanism , Asuzu et al, 1985.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Assay ofCroton penduliflorusHutch. Seed Oil in Mice

International Journal of Crude Drug Research

1987

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“…It was evident that in addition to stimulating specific receptors, CP seed oil produced its effect in the gastro-intestinal tract by irritating the gastro-intestinal mucosa. Results from this study and those obtained from previous studies (Asuzu et al, 1985) strongly portray the receptor specific gut active principle of CP oil as distinct from the irritant portion. There is therefore a need to separate the gut active fraction of the oil from the irritant portion so as to improve on the purgative effect of the oil by reducing its toxicity.…”

Section: Histopathologysupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Pharmacological tests have been performed with PEE-CP to ascertain the basis of its folklore medical application and these tests have proved that PEE-CP, in addition to other mechanisms of action, primarily stimulates some receptors in the intestine to initiate intestinal peristalsis (Asuzu et al, 1985). Results of the pharmacological tests seem to disagree with the popular concept of croton oil as solely an irritant purgative (Mayers et al, 1972, Brander andPugh, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tiets, 1975) or release of prostaglandins with other local hormones (Meyers et al 1970). Some studies with CP oil have shown that its probable mechanism of action is through the stimulation of cholinergic receptors in the intestine (Asuzu et al, 1985;. Another possible mechanism of action of CP oil could result from its irritant nature by causing a local inflammatory reaction in the mucosa which is transmitted by the myenteric plexuses to the intestinal plain muscle (Wilson et al, 1975).…”

Section: Figure 2 Focal Necrosis In the Liver (H And E ~80)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute toxicity and gastrointestinal irritant effect of Croton penduliflorus seed oil in mice

Chineme

1988

Phytotherapy Research

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The effects of three dosage levels (250 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg per 0s) of Croton pendulijporus seed oil were studied in mice. The mice were dosed with the oil suspension in 5% Tween 20 through oral intubation. Five mice from each dosage group were slaughtered at 3 h, 9 h and 24 h post-treatment with the oil. Various segments of the gastro-intestinal tract and visceral organs including the liver, lung, kidney, spleen, testis, adrenal glands and heart were examined grossly and tissue sections were collected for histopathological examination. Croton oil initiated hypersecretions in all segments of the gastro-intestinal tract. It also produced oedema in the stomach and mild inflammatory reactions in the jejunum, ileum and colon. The liver, lung and myocardium were the most affected of the visceral organs when mice were dosed with high levels (600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg) of croton oil.

Pharmacological actions of the gut active principles in Croton penduliflorus hutch. Seed on isolated smooth and skeletal muscles and on blood pressure

Shetty

Anika

1988

Phytotherapy Research

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The effects of Croton penduliporus seed crystals (CP crystals) were investigated on isolated guinea-pig ileum, chick biventer cervicis muscle and frog rectus abdominis muscle. The effect of the crystals on blood pressure of normotensive Sprague Dawley rats was also investigated. CP crystals induced concentrationsdependent contractions in the guinea-pig ileum with ECS0 of 2.29 X g/mL. Contractions induced by CP crystals in the guinea-pig ileum were not inhibited by atropine (2 X 10-7-l.2 X g/mL), tetrodotoxin (3 X 10-*-2 X lo-' g/mL), hexamethonium (7 X 10-6-2.8 X lo-' g/mL), mepyramine (2 X g/mL) and noradrenaline (2 X lO-'g/mL) but were completely (100%) inhibited by indomethacin (7.2 X 1Oe6g/rnL). CP crystals (1.0 X 10-6-5.0 X g/mL) could not elicit contractions in either chick biventer cervicis or frog rectus abdominis muscle. The mean blood pressure of normotensive Sprague Dawley rats was significantly reduced by CP crystals (1.6Xl0-"-2.5X 10-3g/mL) while the heart rate was significantly reduced by an intravenous infusion of the crystals (2.5 X lo-' g/kg) after 2 min. The methods employed and the significance of the results obtained are discussed.