Investigation on two modification strategies for the reinforcement of biodegradable lignin/poly(lactic acid) blends

Ge, Xinlei; Chang, Ming-Ming; Jiang, Wei; Zhang, Bangwen; Xing, Ruiguang; Bulin, Chaoke

doi:10.1002/app.49354

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Downstream of the thermogravimetric experiments they speculated about the activation of PLA degradation by the abundant hydroxyl groups of the lignin, through thermohydrolysis and β-scission, which led to the lower molecular weight of PLA and the poorer thermal stability of the modified blends. In conclusion they observed a general increase of the mechanical strength but not an improvement in thermal stability and a lowering of glass transition temperature and melting temperature compared to pure PLA [ 43 ].…”

Section: Thermal Techniques In Polymers’ Bio-reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Thermal Techniques in the Characterization of Bio-Sourced Polymers

Blanco

Siracusa

2021

Materials

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The public pressure about the problems derived from the environmental issues increasingly pushes the research areas, of both industrial and academic sectors, to design material architectures with more and more foundations and reinforcements derived from renewable sources. In these efforts, researchers make extensive and profound use of thermal analysis. Among the different techniques available, thermal analysis offers, in addition to high accuracy in the measurement, smartness of execution, allowing to obtain with a very limited quantity of material precious information regarding the property–structure correlation, essential not only in the production process, but overall, in the design one. Thus, techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were, are, and will be used in this transition from fossil feedstock to renewable ones, and in the development on new manufacturing processes such as those of additive manufacturing (AM). In this review, we report the state of the art of the last two years, as regards the use of thermal techniques in biopolymer design, polymer recycling, and the preparation of recyclable polymers as well as potential tools for biopolymer design in AM. For each study, we highlight how the most known thermal parameters, namely glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tf), crystallization temperature (Tc) and percentage (%c), initial decomposition temperature (Ti), temperature at maximum mass loss rate (Tm), and tan δ, helped the researchers in understanding the characteristics of the investigated materials and the right way to the best design and preparation.

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Section: Thermal Techniques In Polymers’ Bio-reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Thermal Techniques in the Characterization of Bio-Sourced Polymers

Blanco

Siracusa

2021

Materials

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“…Liu et al investigated the effect of MAH- g -PBS compatibilizer on lignin/PBS composites, and they found that the addition of compatibilizer enhanced the mechanical properties of composites, especially tensile and flexural strength . In the work of Ge et al, MAH- g -PLA was successfully used in PLA/lignin composites, and the interfacial connection of lignin and PLA was improved through grafting reaction . The results showed that the tensile strength increased from 59.9 to 71.6 MPa and elongation at break rose from 3.8% to 5.0%.…”

Section: Plasticizer Compatibilization Between Bpps and Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Zhou

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Synthetic plastics have been reshaping the planet since the early 20th century. They have brought plenty of conveniences to our lives; meanwhile, plastic wastes discarded into the environment are resistant to biodegradation, accumulating in soil, water, and even in organisms. Biodegradable polyester-based plastics (BPPs), such as polylactic acid (PLA), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly(β-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) are considered to be ecofriendly and sustainable alternatives and have thrived rapidly in the past few decades. However, the applications of BPPs have been limited by their high prices compared to conventional plastics, while blending with lowcost fillers has been deemed to be a facile and efficient solution to the foregoing issues. Technical lignin, a class of biodegradable aromatic polymers, has been extracted/isolated at a large scale as a coproduct in the conventional paper-making and the emerging lignocellulosic biorefinery industries. The economically competitive BPP composites reinforced by coproduct lignin could not only facilitate the lignin valorization but also improve the economic viability of the lignocellulosic biorefinery. At present, the key obstacle lies in the incompatibility between lignin and BPPs resulting from self-aggregation and thermal condensation of lignin due to its polyhydroxy aromatic structures. Herein, we overviewed a series of effective approaches to promote the interaction between lignin and BPPs by adding plasticizers and blocking the hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, lignin can act as functional fillers endowing lignin/BPP composites favorable versatilities and expanding their applications in the fields of flame retardant packaging, food packaging, medical materials, outside packaging, and mulching films. In the end, we review the developments of lignin/BPP blending composites in the future and propose current problems that need to be solved.

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“…The widespread consumption of conventional plastics has brought about serious environmental concerns, among them being that nondegradable waste plastics now threaten the health of humanity 1 . There is an emerging trend to increase the use of bio‐based polymers as a replacement for persistent fossil‐based polymers 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polylactic acid (PLA), a thermoplastic polymer made by ring‐opening polymerization of lactide or condensation of lactic acid monomers is an important sustainable polymer material 1 . However, its high production cost and some undesirable properties, including brittleness, poor heat resistance, limited gas barrier properties, and poor UV barrier properties, can limit its application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of an oxyalkylated lignin‐g‐polylactic acid copolymer to improve the compatibility of an organosolv lignin in blended poly(lactic acid) films

Eberhardt

Pan

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To improve the compatibility of an organosolv lignin (OL) in polylactic acid (PLA) blends, a green approach was pursued whereby the lignin was modified with propylene carbonate (PC) to increase its aliphatic hydroxyl content, and thereby, its reactivity. The oxyalkylated organosolv lignin (OOL, synthesized at 170°C) was analyzed by quantitative 31P NMR and showed the number of phenolic hydroxyls decreased from 4.73 to 0.16 mmol·g−1, and the number of aliphatic hydroxyls increased from 3.56 to 3.92 mmol·g−1. OOL‐g‐PLA copolymer (OOLPC) samples were prepared by graft polymerization of L‐lactide with the OOL and showed the molecular weights (Mn) to range from 12,343 to 16,834 Da, increasing with the lignin loading of the copolymer. Scanning electron microscope indicated that the graft copolymerization reaction between L‐lactide and the OOL afforded a copolymer that was compatible with PLA. The highest increase in elongation at break was 7.43% for the PLA blend films prepared with the OOLPC having a 5.0% loading of OOL; the tensile strength at this level of lignin loading was 12.03% lower. Introducing an OL into the blend films showed excellent ultraviolet absorption ability and thus the OOLPC could be used as a well‐dispersed UV‐blocking agent for biocompatible packaging materials.

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Investigation on two modification strategies for the reinforcement of biodegradable lignin/poly(lactic acid) blends

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

The Use of Thermal Techniques in the Characterization of Bio-Sourced Polymers

The Use of Thermal Techniques in the Characterization of Bio-Sourced Polymers

Technical Lignin Valorization in Biodegradable Polyester-Based Plastics (BPPs)

Preparation of an oxyalkylated lignin‐g‐polylactic acid copolymer to improve the compatibility of an organosolv lignin in blended poly(lactic acid) films

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