Investigation on the Storage Stability of Packaged Water Commonly Produced in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of storage conditions on the physicochemical parameter, microbial loads and health risks assessment of randomly 30 selected sachet and bottle water brands (A, B and C) in Ilorin Metropolis. Random sampling procedures were used to collect samples from three different brands and subjected to three different storage conditions; immediately (initial), mild sunlight and intense sunlight condition. The heavy metals (Cr, Pb and Fe) investigated in this study were above the permissible limits (WHO, SON). The presence of TBC, TCC, FCC and TFC in all the water samples analyzed showed no effective quality control system. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) assessment revealed a carcinogenic health risk to the populace drinking this water. It can be deduced from this study that water stored under sunlight for a long period of time is not good for human consumption and therefore adequate monitoring by the appropriate agencies are emphasized.

Impact of exposure to sunlight before consumption of packaged potable water (Sachet Water) in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Southeastern Nigeria

“…The mean turbidity in all brands of the exposed sachet water in the present study were lower than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19] and Okeola et al [54]. The mean TDS in all brands of the exposed sachet water in the present study was higher than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19], Okeola et al [54] and Adedire et al [18]. The mean hardness in the present study was lower than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19] and Okeola et al [54], but higher than the ndings of Adedire et al [18].…”

“…The mean conductivity in all sachet water brands exposed to sunlight were lower than the ndings of Akharame et al [1] and Okeola et al [54] for effect of sunlight exposure on the quality of water parameters in bottle water. The mean turbidity in all brands of the exposed sachet water in the present study were lower than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19] and Okeola et al [54]. The mean TDS in all brands of the exposed sachet water in the present study was higher than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19], Okeola et al [54] and Adedire et al [18].…”

“…The levels of temperature in all sachet water brands exposed to sunlight were lower than the ndings of Okeola et al [54]. The mean conductivity in all sachet water brands exposed to sunlight were lower than the ndings of Akharame et al [1] and Okeola et al [54] for effect of sunlight exposure on the quality of water parameters in bottle water. The mean turbidity in all brands of the exposed sachet water in the present study were lower than the ndings of Chinenye and Amos [19] and Okeola et al [54].…”

“…[18], and Okeola et al [54], that also recorded increased levels of heavy metals in packed water exposed to sunlight. The increased heavy metal levels in the sachet waters exposed to sunlight compared to the unexposed group (control) could be due to the fragmentation of polyethylene materials of the sachet water, thereby leaching its chemical components such as heavy metals into water [26].…”

“…[18], and Okeola et al [54]. Tentatively, temperature was the catalyst behind the leaching of heavy metals into the water, thereby deteriorating the quality of the water [54].…”