Investigation on the Reaction of Powdered Tin as a Metallic Fuel with Some Pyrotechnic Oxidizers

Hosseini, Seyed Ghorban; Eslami, Abbas

doi:10.1002/prep.200900082

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The critical ignitiont emperature (T b )isa nimportantp arameter required to insure safe storage and process operations involving explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics. It is defined as the lowest temperature, at which as pecific charge may be heated withoutu ndergoing thermal runaway [32]. T b may be calculatedf rom inflammation theory and appropriate thermokinetic parameters namely the activation energy,p re-exponential factor,a nd heat of reaction.…”

Section: Critical Ignition Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoanalytical Investigation of Some Binary Pyrotechnic Mixtures of Ammonium Azide as Chemical Gas Generating Systems

Hosseini

Eslami

2016

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The conventional NaN3/oxidants gas generator pyrotechnic mixtures suffer from leaving undesirable solid residues. The presented investigation aimed to overcome this problem through mixing of NH4N3 particles with some metallic components, and to introduce some new gas generator pyrotechnic mixtures. In this work, volatile ammonium azide particles were initially stabilized via microencapsulation technique, and blended with Zr, Ti, ZrH2, and TiH2 powders to produce different gas generation mixtures. Thermal properties and kinetic parameters of these pyrotechnic mixtures were investigated by using thermal analysis (TG/DTA and DSC) techniques. The apparent activation energy (E), ΔG#, ΔH#, ΔS#, and critical ignition temperature (Tb) of the ignition processes of the mixtures were obtained from the DSC experiments. Among the investigated mixtures, NH4N3/ZrH2 composition was found to show desirable efficiency, and also it can be considered as a safe pyrotechnic composition for gas generation property, due to its moderate ignition temperature.

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Section: Critical Ignition Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoanalytical Investigation of Some Binary Pyrotechnic Mixtures of Ammonium Azide as Chemical Gas Generating Systems

Hosseini

Eslami

2016

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…A detailed knowledge of thermal behavior for each component in a mixture or the mixture itself is necessary, not only for safety reasons, but also for predicting the thermal behavior of the new energetic formulations [6]. These are typically based on mixtures of finely divided metal powders with inorganic oxidizing agents [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the reaction of iron powder mixture as a portable heat source for thermoelectric power generators

Huang

Tran

Yang

2014

J Therm Anal Calorim

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This paper reports our investigation on the thermal behavior and ignition characteristics of iron powder and mixtures of iron with other materials such as activated carbon and sodium chloride in which iron is the main ingredient used as fuel. Thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the materials and for further understanding of reaction kinetics of the pyrophoric iron mixtures. The experimental results demonstrated that iron micron particles react exothermically to the oxygen in atmosphere and produced iron oxide with ignition temperature of 427.87°C and heat generation of 4,844 J g -1 . However, in this study, the pyrophoric iron mixture acts as a heat source for the thermoelectric power generators, the final mixture composition is determined to compose of iron powder, activated carbon, and sodium chloride with the mass ratio of approximately 5/1/1. The mixture generated two exothermic peaks DSC curves that showed ignition temperature of 431.53 and 554.85°C and with a higher heat generation of 9,366 J g -1 at higher temperature. The effects of test pan materials and heating rate on the ignition were also examined by DSC method.Kinetic data such as the activation energy (E a ), the entropy of activation (DS # ), enthalpy of activation (DH # ), and Gibbs energy of activation (DG # ) on the ignition processes was also derived from the DSC analysis. From the ignition temperature, heat generation, and kinetics test data, the mass ratio of 5/1/1 proved to generate the most amount of heat with high temperatures for the standalone thermoelectric power generators.

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“…Pyrophoricity is one of the chemical properties of an element and determines the powder's tendency to self-ignition or rapid oxidation associated with the release of significant amounts of heat. Atoms forming the subsurface layer take part in the oxidation reaction, and due to the good thermal conductivity of metal and bad of gas atmosphere, practically all the heat generated during oxidation is used to heat particles, which may consequently lead to its ignition [43][44][45]. Most often, for such a phenomenon to occur, the substance must be finely divided, and After heating in a reducing atmosphere, samples were cooled to a temperature of 300 • C, 350 • C, or 400 • C, where they were subjected to heating in an atmosphere of synthetic air for 180 min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Iron from Mill Scale by Reduction with Carbon Monoxide

2021

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The mill scale is a waste from the iron and steel industry. Due to the high content of iron in the form of oxides, it is an attractive material for the recovery of metallic iron by reduction. The product of mill scale reduction is an iron with a very extended surface and a high affinity for oxygen. The smaller iron particles are, the easier it is for spontaneous rapid oxidation, which can be linked to pyrophoricity. This article presents results of experiments using the TG/DTA thermal analysis method aimed at verifying the possibility of recovering iron from the mill scale by a reduction with carbon monoxide at 850 °C, 950 °C, and 1050 °C, taking into account the phenomenon of secondary oxidation in contact with oxygen from air at temperatures of 300 °C, 350 °C, and 400 °C. Two forms of mill scale were used for tests, in the original state and after grinding to develop the surface.

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Investigation on the Reaction of Powdered Tin as a Metallic Fuel with Some Pyrotechnic Oxidizers

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Thermoanalytical Investigation of Some Binary Pyrotechnic Mixtures of Ammonium Azide as Chemical Gas Generating Systems

Thermoanalytical Investigation of Some Binary Pyrotechnic Mixtures of Ammonium Azide as Chemical Gas Generating Systems

Investigation on the reaction of iron powder mixture as a portable heat source for thermoelectric power generators

Recovery of Iron from Mill Scale by Reduction with Carbon Monoxide

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