Investigation on the lubricating behavior of cashew nut shell liquid oil as a renewable and reliable petrochemical product

Selvamuthukumar, M.; Babu, Bachina Harish; Bobba, Sujith; Baskar, S.; Joy, Nivin

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.458

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A 5horsepower 4-S direct injection C.I engine was opted to analyze the performance and emission aspect [12]. e mass ow with the sensor quanti ed the air ow rate into the engine, and the burette method quanti ed the gasoline consumption [13]. Loading became carried out on the C.I engine with the use of a modern-day dynamometer.…”

Section: Experimental With Loading Unit and Fuel Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of C.I Engine Using Biofuels and Its Diesel Blend with Nano-Additives

Jacob

Karikalan

Lalvani³

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Depletion of fossil fuel assets makes it critical that we find biodiesel sources in the contemporary world. This work investigates dual bio-fuels of jatropha methyl ester and mahua methyl ester in various proportions, such as 15 : 5, 10 : 10, and 5 : 15. The performance and emission characteristics of JME15MME5, JME10MME10, and JME5MME15 blends of jatropha methyl ester and mahua methyl ester are suitable for diesel engines with little air pollution. Biodiesel blends with titanium dioxide nano-additives, such as jatropha methyl ester and mahua methyl ester, might be more efficient at the conclusion of the experiment, preserving fossil fuel assets for future generations. Performance parameters like BTE and SFC with different load conditions are analyzed for various blends, and then final results are drawn.

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Section: Experimental With Loading Unit and Fuel Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of C.I Engine Using Biofuels and Its Diesel Blend with Nano-Additives

Jacob

Karikalan

Lalvani³

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Pure titanium dioxide is a fine white powder which gives splendid white shading. For a century, titanium dioxide has been utilized in an assortment of mechanical and customer merchandise [29][30][31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis of Ni-Cu Alloy Nanocomposites Processed by Sand Mold Casting

Kumaraswamy

Shetty²,

Sanman³

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Ni-Cu based alloy metal matrix nanocomposites are in great demand for advanced technological applications due to their high temperature, strength, and better thermal properties. The aim is to investigate the thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion of the nickel based alloy nanocomposites reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) which varies from 3 to 12 weight % nanoparticulates (45 to 60 nm). The thermal conductivity was measured using a comparative cut bar method (ASTM E1225), and thermal expansion was analyzed using a push-rod dilatometer method (ASTM E228). From experimentation, it was observed that thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites activity increases with inclusion of the nanoparticles up to 9 weight % after descent due to the temperature effects in nanocomposites, and thermal expansion of the nanocomposites decreases with addition of the nanoparticles up to 9 weight % and further rises marginally due to ductility of composites. Due to the incorporation of hard ceramic particles into the matrix, the composites’ thermal conductivity increases to 57.42 W/m ℃ , and their thermal expansion decreases to 12 × 10−6. Nickel alloys are widely used in marine, automotive, valve, pump, and aircraft applications.

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“…Finally, the hydrophobic alkyl chain in C 15 , when it is unsaturated, in addition to providing a plasticizing effect [41,42,50], also allows many chemical reactions: epoxidation [44,46,47], hydrogenation [51,52], carbonation [53], thiolene [54,55] or Diels Alder [56]. For all these reasons, we find the compounds of CNSL, and more particularly cardanol, easier to obtain in large quantities, used in the synthesis of additives (plasticizer [39,44,47,50,57], lubricant [58,59]), polymers [53] (epoxy [46,60,61], phenolic resin [40,41,62], polyurethane [55,63] etc.) or active molecules [64].…”

Section: Cashew Nutshell Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%

CNSL, a Promising Building Blocks for Sustainable Molecular Design of Surfactants: A Critical Review

Roy¹,

Fajardie

Lepoittevin

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Surfactants are crystallizing a certain focus for consumer interest, and their market is still expected to grow by 4 to 5% each year. Most of the time these surfactants are of petroleum origin and are not often biodegradable. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a promising non-edible renewable resource, directly extracted from the shell of the cashew nut. The interesting structure of CNSL and its components (cardanol, anacardic acid and cardol) lead to the synthesis of biobased surfactants. Indeed, non-ionic, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic surfactants based on CNSL have been reported in the literature. Even now, CNSL is absent or barely mentioned in specialized review or chapters talking about synthetic biobased surfactants. Thus, this review focuses on CNSL as a building block for the synthesis of surfactants. In the first part, it describes and criticizes the synthesis of molecules and in the second part, it compares the efficiency and the properties (CMC, surface tension, kraft temperature, biodegradability) of the obtained products with each other and with commercial ones.

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Investigation on the lubricating behavior of cashew nut shell liquid oil as a renewable and reliable petrochemical product

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of C.I Engine Using Biofuels and Its Diesel Blend with Nano-Additives

Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of C.I Engine Using Biofuels and Its Diesel Blend with Nano-Additives

Thermal Analysis of Ni-Cu Alloy Nanocomposites Processed by Sand Mold Casting

CNSL, a Promising Building Blocks for Sustainable Molecular Design of Surfactants: A Critical Review

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