Investigation on the effects of topical therapy with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®) on intradermal skin test reactivity in atopic dogs

Marsella, Rosanna; Nicklin, Constance F.; Saglio, S.; López, Jennifer

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2004.00387.x

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similarly, Ganimian and Murnane (2016) observed that there has been a remarkable increase of higher institutions of learning in developing countries. This is also corroborated by Mahajan (2016) and Warning and Duerrenberger (2018) who posits that most developing countries especially Africa are witnessing a substantial rise in higher education enrollment. Many scholars have reported that the traditional approach to teaching and learning is still the norm in many regions in the developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Blended Learning in Higher Education: Implication and Strategies for Academic Library Support

Adebayo¹,

Iwu-James²,

Olawoyin³

et al. 2019

INTED2019 Proceedings

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Following advances and extensive use of information and communication technology (ICT) in education and the current tech savvy generation of learners in higher institutions of learning, blended learning is gaining popularity as it is adjudged effective in improving both teaching and learning process in higher institutions of learning. It has the potential to expand access to quality education and break learning barriers in developing countries. Blended learning has created a paradigm shift in library services, however, not all academic libraries in developing countries have understood their roles in blended learning environment. Academic library can play significant roles in collaboration with faculty. The paper examined innovative strategies that academic libraries can adopt to make effective use of blended. The paper examined the state of academic libraries in developing countries with emphasis on their ability to participate in an embedded learning environment, it revealed that traditional learning methods is still prevalent in many developing countries, the paper considered factors that enhance and hinder academic libraries intervention in a blended learning environment. Competencies and skills required by academic librarians to be relevant in an embedded learning environment were discussed. The paper proffered workable recommendation for implementing a blended learning environment. In conclusion, the paper recommends that librarians in developing countries must be intentional about skills acquisition so as to be well equipped to join their counterparts in other developed climes to play a significant and principal role in the ever dynamic sophisticated learning environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Blended Learning in Higher Education: Implication and Strategies for Academic Library Support

Adebayo¹,

Iwu-James²,

Olawoyin³

et al. 2019

INTED2019 Proceedings

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“…In contrast, some of the late‐phase reactions to allergens were significantly reduced by tacrolimus. Late‐phase reactions took up to 4 weeks to return to pretreatment values, but by 2 weeks after discontinuation of treatment, the 4 h reaction to house dust as well as the 4 and 6 h late‐phase reactions to HDM had returned to normal …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 0.1% tacrolimus ointment (Protopic; Astellas Pharma, Northbrook, IL, USA) was applied to the lesional skin of nine house dust‐ or HDM‐sensitive dogs with AD once daily for 4 weeks . After 4 weeks of tacrolimus, immediate IDT reactions to histamine, allergens or lipopolysaccharide were not significantly different from baseline values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Latephase reactions took up to 4 weeks to return to pretreatment values, but by 2 weeks after discontinuation of treatment, the 4 h reaction to house dust as well as the 4 and 6 h late-phase reactions to HDM had returned to normal. 23 In summary, topical tacrolimus does not appear to interfere with immediate IDT reactions performed outside of the treatment area; however, late-phase reactions might be affected. Withdrawal times of 0 days for immediate IDT reaction evaluation and 14 days for late-phase reaction grading are proposed ( Table 1).…”

Section: Effect Of Topical Tacrolimusmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Evidence‐based guidelines for anti‐allergic drug withdrawal times before allergen‐specific intradermal and IgE serological tests in dogs

Olivry

Saridomichelakis

2013

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Anti-allergic drugs (e.g. antihistamines, glucocorticoids and ciclosporin) are often administered to dogs with atopic dermatitis to relieve pruritus and skin lesions. Allergen-specific intradermal tests (IDT) and allergen-specific IgE serological (ASIS) tests are used to characterize the allergens to which dogs are hypersensitive. Anti-allergic drugs have the potential to influence the results or interpretation of these tests.Objectives -To provide evidence-based recommendations for anti-allergic drug withdrawal times before IDT and ASIS tests.Methods -Three citation databases and abstracts from international meetings were searched for relevant studies. Studies were grouped based on similar interventions and types of tests. Withdrawal times for each type of drug and test were then extrapolated from the study results.Results -Before the assessment of immediate reactions to IDT, proposed optimal withdrawal times for antihistamines, oral glucocorticoids, topical/otic glucocorticoids and ciclosporin are 7, 14, 14 and 0 days, respectively. Studies have provided no evidence for drug withdrawal prior to ASIS tests for oral ciclosporin or prednisone/prednisolone. Owing to a lack of studies, recommendations for withdrawal times before ASIS tests cannot be made for topical glucocorticoids and antihistamines.Conclusions and clinical importance -These proposed withdrawal times are based on the existing evidence at the end of 2011. Care must be taken before extrapolating the suggested withdrawal times to other species, higher dosages, different formulations and/or durations of administration of tested drugs, as well as to other medications from the same category.

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“…Lesion severity, 1 pruritus severity, 2 intradermal test reactivity, 12 and global assessment scales, 13 are examples of ordered categorical scales used in veterinary dermatology. Many scales are used in an ad hoc manner for lack of a validated alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of appropriate and inappropriate presentation and analysis methods of ordered categorical data in the veterinary dermatology literature from January 2003 to June 2006

Plant

Giovanini

Villarroel

2007

Veterinary Dermatology

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What is known about the topic of this paper • Ordered categorical level data do not contain as much information as interval level data.• Ordered categorical scales require statistical methodology different than that required for continuous data in order to be consistent with the structure of the data.• Ordinal data are frequently presented and analysed with inappropriate methods in the human medical literature.

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Investigation on the effects of topical therapy with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®) on intradermal skin test reactivity in atopic dogs

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Blended Learning in Higher Education: Implication and Strategies for Academic Library Support

Blended Learning in Higher Education: Implication and Strategies for Academic Library Support

Evidence‐based guidelines for anti‐allergic drug withdrawal times before allergen‐specific intradermal and IgE serological tests in dogs

Frequency of appropriate and inappropriate presentation and analysis methods of ordered categorical data in the veterinary dermatology literature from January 2003 to June 2006

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