Investigation on Smoke Flow in Stairwells induced by an Adjacent Compartment Fire in High Rise Buildings

Zhang, Jun; Weng, Jingwen; Zhou, Ting; Ouyang, Dongxu; Chen, Qinpei; Wei, Ruichao; Wang, Jian

doi:10.3390/app9071431

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The smoke will accumulate at the closed end of the L-shaped and annular corridors and the corner of the corridor, forming an escape danger area, while the T-shaped corridor will not form a similar area [11]. The stack effect in shafts such as elevator shafts and stairwells can accelerate smoke propagation in tall buildings [12]. The concave building structure can increase the longitudinal propagation of fire and smoke, increasing the level of danger on the upper floors of the building [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Fire Simulation in Low-Rise Teaching Buildings Based on BIM–FDS

Liu

Wang

2023

Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

School buildings gather a large number of underage students, and the disastrous consequences of fire in such buildings are very serious, which is one of the key concerns of society in fire prevention and control. This study takes a “[” type kindergarten teaching building as the background and constructs a BIM–FDS building fire simulation model to reveal the fire smoke dispersion law under the coupling of the typical building structure and fire protection systems. The results show that the stairwells on both sides of the “[” type building are the main channels for the diffusion of fire smoke, and the asymmetry of the stairwell structure will cause apparent differences in the diffusion of smoke. Using the natural smoke exhaust in the stairwells of low-rise buildings does not aggravate the spread of smoke in the building and is conducive to smoke emissions. The high-pressure water mist system is superior to the water spray system in fire extinguishing and controlling room temperature. While it reduces smoke exhaust performance, it does not adversely affect personnel evacuation. This study systematically reveals the law of diffusion of fire smoke from “[”-type teaching buildings, which can support the design of similar building structures, ventilation, fire protection, and the formulation of fire escape plans.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Fire Simulation in Low-Rise Teaching Buildings Based on BIM–FDS

Liu

Wang

2023

Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These factors can be revealed based on a fire scenario simulation [7]. Furthermore, an accurate fire scenario simulation can also supply response strategies for building fire prevention and firefighting [5,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJGI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The spatial–temporal simulation of fire disasters and evacuation route planning are important research fields for urban emergency responses and are primary tasks that answer complex questions after fires break out. The increasing demand for refined building information models will sharply increase the calculated and analyzed quantity. This demand presents a challenge for fire emergency responses based on massive building information. In this paper, the principle of the realistic worst case (RWC) is introduced into fire simulation and evacuation route planning. Taking the library of the Nanjing Forestry University as the study object, the spatial–temporal characteristics of the influential environmental factors of the fire are simulated, such as the meteorological elements, building structure, and building skin. The scenario zones that are relatively prone to fire are selected using an overlay analysis across the four seasons. Then, the risk threshold for evacuating personnel is analyzed in the fire zone according to international standards and firefighting criteria. Specific parameters are determined based on the analysis of the above. The growing trends for fires across the four seasons are simulated with scenario zones as the starting positions and incorporate factors such as temperature, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Lastly, a life safety assurance path (LSAP) for personnel evacuation is designed based on an indoor road network and path search algorithm. The evacuation planning result is compared with the traditional shortest-time path and shortest-distance path. Based on the study results, fire scenario zones can improve the speed and operating efficiency of spatial–temporal simulation models of fire and can also support path planning and design for emergency responses.

show abstract

“…Once super high-rise hospital fire breaks out, it would rapidly expand and lead to evacuation difficulties and casualties, mainly because stairways, elevator shaft, ducts and pipes just like a stacks and become ways of the rapid spread of the fire and smoke (3). In addition, the stack effect is more pronounced in vertical shaft structures with an increase in height, by which the thermal smoke moves more rapidly from the lower to upper floors (4). Smoke and toxic gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and hydrogen chloride, are the most fatal factors in fires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Fire in Super High-Rise Hospitals Using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)

Rahmani

Salem

2020

Electron J Gen Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Among various types of disasters, fire constitutes a significant threat to life and property in urban and rural areas. Protection the hospitals against fire is very important due to presence of disable persons, lack of awareness and expensive devices and equipments in the hospitals. The present study was aimed to fire simulation in the super high-rise hospital. Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a super high-rise hospital (17 floor) in 2018-2019. The project was divided into two steps: 1) Preparation of 3D model of the hospital using 3D CAD Modeling Software; 2) The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is used to predict the fire dynamics (smoke propagation, temperature distribution, heat release rate and total energy) in the hospital using the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). Results:The fire simulation results showed that after 10 seconds from the onset of fire in the third floor of the hospital with the intensity of 1620/79 kW, the temperature, total energy and heat release rate reaches 87 °C, 5640 kW and 937 kW, respectively. According to the simulation results, after 600 seconds, the temperature, total energy and heat release rate were 610 °C, 928 kW and 933 kW, respectively, which the fire had reached to an uncontrollable stage.Conclusion: By correction of staircases and elevator shaft, the spread of fire can be controlled effectively. To improve the level of fire risk and appropriate actions during emergency situation in super high-rise hospital, required measures especially in the area of containment and extinguishment including buildings design for smoke control, fire alarm and extinguisher systems.

show abstract

Investigation on Smoke Flow in Stairwells induced by an Adjacent Compartment Fire in High Rise Buildings

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Indoor Fire Simulation in Low-Rise Teaching Buildings Based on BIM–FDS

Indoor Fire Simulation in Low-Rise Teaching Buildings Based on BIM–FDS

Fire Scenario Zone Construction and Personnel Evacuation Planning Based on a Building Information Model and Geographical Information System

Simulation of Fire in Super High-Rise Hospitals Using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About