“…A variety of catalysts have been employed for the degradation of organic dyes, such as Cu/Ni-doped nanostructures, Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles, polymeric hydrogel containing TiO 2 nanoparticles, Fe 2 O 3 /ZnO, Fe 2 O 3 /SiO 2 , CeO 2 /Ce 2 S 3 composites, Ch-Pani/Fe 2 O 3 , C 3 N 4 /Fe 2 O 3 , polyaniline/SnO 2 nanospheres, Fe 2 O 3 /ZnTe, Fe 2 O 3 /Mn 3 O 4 , CuO/ZnO nanocomposites, and tellurium-based metal alloys [6,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Among these catalysts, hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) stands out for its remarkable qualities, which include resistance to corrosion, high efficiency, and non-toxicity [20].…”