Investigation on Green Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Cistus incanus

Abstract

This paper describes the plant-mediated preparation of silver nanoparticles with aqueous extract and infusion of Cistus incanus leaves. To evaluate aqueous extract and infusion antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content the DPPH and Folin–Ciocalteau methods were utilized. The antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of extract and infusion were equal to 85.97 ± 6.54 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight.; 10.76 ± 0.59 mg/mL and 12.65 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight.; 3.10 ± 0.14 mg/mL, respectively. The formed nanoparticles displayed the characteristic absorption band in the 380–450 nm wavelength range. The average size of particles was in the 68.8–71.2 nm range. Morphology and phase composition analysis revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with a face-centred cubic structure. Immune compatibility tests of nanoparticles and plant extracts showed no activation of the THP1-XBlue™ monocyte. Cytotoxicity tests performed with L929 mice fibroblasts showed that nanoparticles should be utilized at a concentration of 16 ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations determined with the microdilution method for nanoparticles prepared with plant infusion for S. aureus and S. epidermidis were 2 ppm and 16 ppm, respectively.

Bio-Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Waste Agricultural Biomass and Its Antimicrobial Activity

“…In conclusion, it is possible to obtain nanoparticles with the expected physicochemical characteristics using waste raw material; however, they have a larger size distribution and particle size compared to the use of classical methods [3,4,14]. The SEM and SEM-EDS analysis, along with the particle distribution determination, is shown in Figures 3 and 4, respectively.…”

“…In general, a uniform distribution of nanoparticles was observed in the lyophilizates studied; however, it is worth noting that in the case of the nanoparticles in the AgNPs parsley sample, the nanoparticles densely covered the sample surface, while the nanoparticles obtained using the potato peel infusion, in the AgNPs potato colloid, tended to accumulate and form prisms, agglomerates, and uneven surfaces as in the parsley nanoparticles. In conclusion, it is possible to obtain nanoparticles with the expected physicochemical characteristics using waste raw material; however, they have a larger size distribution and particle size compared to the use of classical methods [3,4,14].…”

“…First, the antioxidant and reducing abilities of the infusions prepared from agrochemical plant waste were determined. Polyphenolic compounds contained in plant material exhibit oxygen capture properties and reduced activity [14,29]. Therefore, it was important to determine their total amount in the prepared plant infusions.…”

“…The risk of infection or contamination during synthesis and application is also diminished. From an economic point of view, plant extracts should become a priority due to their ubiquity and ease of culture [13,14].…”

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Plant Extracts Films: Preparation, Surface Characterization and Antibacterial Studies against Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria

“…MTT assay is a method used to determine the activity of cellular metabolism by using tetrazolium salts as an oxidized substrate for mitochondrial dehydrogenases [ 40 ]. The principle of the method is based on the reduction of the yellow MTT compound into an insoluble, purple (formazan) product.…”