Investigation on Friction, Anti-wear, and Extreme Pressure Properties of Different Grades of Polyalphaolefins With Functionalized Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes as an Additive

Kumar, Homender; Harsha, A. P.

doi:10.1115/1.4046571

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…At an optimum concentration, MWCNTs can easily get deposited into the grooves and valleys of rubbing surfaces and provides the effective rolling and mending effect; therefore, COF has decreased significantly. Although the presence of higher concentrations of the additive may develop large cluster due to aggregation of nanotubes which may diminish the rolling effect, consequently, it may cause ploughing action on the base metal due to hard and brittle nature of MWCNTs and introduces higher COF 25 .…”

Section: Tribological Performance Of Nanolubricants Friction Response Of Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,17,19,21 From the above discussion, it is clear that limited research work is reported on the tribological properties of MWCNTs in PAO oils. [22][23][24][25] In the present work, varying fractions (0.025-0.15 wt.%) of COOH-functionalized MWCNTs was blended in three different grades of PAOs (PAO 4, PAO 6 and PAO 40) to develop nanolubricants. Taguchi's robust design method was used to analyse the influences of applied load, sliding velocity, the kinematic viscosity of PAOs and concentration of MWCNTs on the tribological performance of nanolubricants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taguchi optimization of various parameters for tribological performance of polyalphaolefins based nanolubricants

Kumar

Harsha

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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This research paper addresses the optimization of various control parameters by using the Taguchi method to assess the tribological properties of PAOs based nanolubricants. The concentration of COOH-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), applied load, sliding velocity and kinematic viscosity of polyalphaolefins (PAOs) were selected as process parameters or control factor. The MWCNTs at a varying concentration (0.025-0.15 wt.%) were blended separately in PAOs to formulate the nanolubricants. The tribological experimentations were performed by Taguchi’ L18 mixed orthogonal array using “ball on disc” type tribometer. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to estimate the most prominent factors influencing the tribological performance of nanolubricants. The statistical results showed that the applied load, followed by a concentration of MWCNTs conferred the most significant impact on the frictional characteristic. In contrast, the kinematic viscosity of PAOs, followed by concentration of MWCNTs has been observed the most significant influencing factors on the antiwear properties of nanolubricants. The probabilistic rationale for the advancement in friction and wear properties were assessed through various analytical tools.

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Section: Tribological Performance Of Nanolubricants Friction Response Of Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taguchi optimization of various parameters for tribological performance of polyalphaolefins based nanolubricants

Kumar

Harsha

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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“…14 Similarly, in the presence of functionalized MWCNTs, the lubrication behaviour of PAO 4 and PAO 6 was significantly improved. 15,16 Due to their relatively low hardness, good resistance to thermal and chemical attack, high melting point and hexagonal crystal structure, the rare earth compound-based nanoparticles demonstrated significant potential as an additive in various lubricating oils to reduce friction and wear. Lanthanum trifluoride (LaF 3 ), a rare earth compound-based nanoparticle, has demonstrated outstanding tribological performance in lubricating oil and grease, as well as coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological evaluation of PAO 100 oil‐based lithium greases with chemically functionalized nanoadditives

Kumar

Harsha

Rawat

2023

Lubrication Science

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The lubricating greases employed in this study were formulated with polyalphaolefin (PAO) 100 as the base oil and 12‐lithium hydroxystearate as the thickener. The sol–gel method was used to produce the LaF3 nanoadditives. The oleic acid‐treated LaF3 (i.e., OA‐LaF3) and carboxylic acid‐treated MWCNTs (i.e., COOH‐MWCNTs) were blended in the formulated grease samples and used as nanoadditives. The detailed microstructural and chemical properties of chemically treated nanoadditives were investigated using HR‐TEM, XRD, FTIR and XPS analyses. Using a four‐ball tester, the effect of different concentrations of nanoadditives on the tribo‐performance of greases was investigated. Tribo‐test results revealed the role of nanoadditives in PAO‐based grease lubrication performance. COOH‐MWCNTs and OA‐LaF3 nanoadditives outperformed PAO grease in terms of physicochemical and tribo‐performance for steel‐steel tribo‐pair. The improved tribo‐performance is attributed to the formation of tribo‐film on the contact interfaces via nanoadditives. The development of tribo‐film was confirmed by XPS analysis of worn surfaces.

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“…To achieve the friction and wear qualities of the manufactured grease, a tribological test setup of four balls was employed. For grease containing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube, the wear scar width and friction coefficient were reduced by 25% and 60%, respectively [25]. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube with a length of 1-2 µm and an outer diameter of 20-30 nm were disseminated in four distinct classes of poly alpha olefins at varied concentrations to test friction, anti-wear, and severe pressure characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

Sultan¹,

Karash²,

Abdulrazzaq³

et al. 2022

JESA

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Due to a combination of optimal properties such as great strength, high hardness, good process ability, and good mechanical properties, AISI 4340 steel is widely used in many critical industrial applications such as nuclear, military, defense, and aerospace. It is also widely used in hydraulic forged machine tools, forged automotive crankshaft systems, shafts and gears, because of their improved characteristics, and its good tribological properties. The purpose regarding this work is to check the tribological characteristics of austempered AISI 4340 steel while dry and lubricated with machinery oil of SAE 30 grade as base oil. As received, AISI 4340 steel samples have been austempered to four definitely austenitic phase temperatures (850℃, 900℃, 1000℃, and 1050℃) for 90 minutes before being immersed in a mixture of potassium nitrite and sodium nitrite at 400℃ for 45 minutes. Friction and wear tests were then performed on austempered samples. Multi-walled carbon nanotube particles were blended at weight concentrations of 0.055, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, and 0.45 with typical machinery oil of 30 grade as base lubricant oil. A pin on the disc wear configuration was used in the experimental investigation. The use of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNTs) additives in the base oil resulted in a decrease in both friction coefficients and wear rates values when compared to typical base oil lubricant. The results also showed a reduction in both friction coefficients and wear rates as the sample's austempering temperatures were raised. Sliding surfaces were also photo micro graphed, and when the volume concentrations of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube particles in the normal base oil lubricant were increased, smoother surfaces with less damage were shown.

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Investigation on Friction, Anti-wear, and Extreme Pressure Properties of Different Grades of Polyalphaolefins With Functionalized Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes as an Additive

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Taguchi optimization of various parameters for tribological performance of polyalphaolefins based nanolubricants

Taguchi optimization of various parameters for tribological performance of polyalphaolefins based nanolubricants

Tribological evaluation of PAO 100 oil‐based lithium greases with chemically functionalized nanoadditives

The Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Additives on the Tribological Properties of Austempered AISI 4340 Steel

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